Species diversity and abundance fluctuation of fish by local fishery in the lower Songkhram River Basin, Nakhon Phanom Province
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Abstract
The Lower Songkhram River Basin represents a critical reservoir of ichthyological diversity, with its forest ecosystem, particularly the “Bung-Tam” wetlands, serving as one of the most significant aquatic nurseries within the Mekong River and its tributaries. This study aimed to evaluate fish species diversity and abundance across four sampling stations in the lower Songkhram river basin, Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand. Fish samples were collected seasonally throughout 2018 using traditional fishing techniques, including crab traps, fish traps, gill nets, seine nets, casting nets, and lifting nets. A total of 6,258 specimens were identified, encompassing 6 orders, 11 families, 24 genera, and 27 species. The orders Cypriniformes and Siluriformes were predominant. Parambassis siamensis and Phalacronotus bleekeri exhibited the highest relative abundances across all seasons. The Ban Tan Paknam station recorded the highest species diversity index (3.100) and richness index (3.561), with Phalacronotus bleekeri, Barbonymus gonionotus, and Parambassis siamensis dominating the species composition. Notably, the critically endangered species Pangasius sanitwongsei, as classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), was identified, alongside one vulnerable species, Wallago attu and one near-threatened species, Cirrhinus molitorella. These findings underscore the importance of detailed species status assessments to inform strategies for the restoration, protection, conservation, and sustainable management of fish resources in the lower Songkhram river basin.
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References
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