Physical Characteristics, Phytochemical Content and Biological Activities from the Tubers Extract of Dioscorea alata L.
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Abstract
The present research aimed to determine the characteristics of leaf and starch granules, total phenolic, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents, antioxidant activity, and α-amylase inhibition activity of D. alata tuber ethanolic extract. The results showed that microscopic is a checked to observe tissue characteristics and structure of D.alata of fresh leaves and traditional medicine powder by microscope. The shapes of the epidermal cell are polygonal, stomatal anomocytic type. The Yam starch granules were spade-shaped with a truncated and smooth surface in the parenchyma. The phytochemical analysis revealed that the total phenolic, total flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents of crude tuber extract were 310.30 ± 0.39 mgGAE.g-1, 323.05 ± 3.92 mgQE.g-1 and 10.26 ± 1.34 µg/ml of extract, respectively. The antioxidant screening activity using DPPH radical scavenging assay is represented in a half maximal effective concentration IC50 value of 4.90 ± 2.50 mg/ml. While the extract showed the strongest capability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ with reduction activity at 61.27 ± 5.02 mMFeSO4 /g of extract, and α-amylase inhibition activity was measured using the enzyme activity of acarbose as a standard inhibitor, IC50 of 1.2 ± 6.32 mg/ml.
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