Antibacterial activity of endophytic actinomycetes, Streptomyces sp. PM-R01, isolated from native durian varieties in Chanthaburi Province
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Abstract
Background: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a global health crisis, exacerbated by the declining
rate of novel antibiotic discovery. Actinomycetes, bacteria renowned for producing diverse bioactive compounds, offer
a promising source of potential drug leads. Objective: This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic
actinomycetes from native durian (Durio zibethinus L.) cultivars in Chanthaburi Province, Thailand, to evaluate their
antibacterial activity. Methods: Endophytic actinomycetes from durian tissue were isolated using surface sterilization.
Antibacterial activity was assessed through a Perpendicular streak method.
The most effective isolate underwent crude extract preparation and determination of MIC and MBC values
against test bacteria via broth microdilution. Identification of the active isolate was conducted using morphological
traits and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Ten isolates of endophytic actinomycetes were obtained from native
durian varieties in Chanthaburi Province, Thailand. Among these, only isolate PM-R01 exhibited antibacterial
activity against Bacillus cereus TISTR 2372 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, with average inhibition zones of 14.33 ± 2.33 mm and 13.00 ± 1.00 mm, respectively. The MIC of PM-R01 crude extract was above 1,024 µg/ml.
At this concentration, the extract achieved 98% bacterial kill. The identification of PM-R01 revealed 99.65% similarity
to Streptomyces ardesiacus NRRL B-1773T. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PM-R01 is Streptomyces
ardesiacus as a promising source for antibacterial agents. Further studies are needed to elucidate the extract’s
composition and evaluate PM-R01’s efficacy against a broader range of microorganisms.
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References
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