Effect of Passiflora foetida Linn. extract on antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibition, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity
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Abstract
Passiflora foetida Linn. is a medicinal plant found throughout regions of Thailand that possesses various biological properties, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial. This study investigated the phytochemical composition and biological activities of extracts from different plant parts (leaves, flowers, and seeds) using ultrasonic extraction with 70% ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid content determination, and biological activity assessments revealed the presence of flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids, with leaf extracts demonstrating the highest total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. (47.06 mg GAE/g extract and 50.87 mg QE/g extract, respectively). Furthermore, the leaf extract demonstrated the most potent antioxidant activities, tyrosinase inhibition, and anti-inflammatory activities. (IC50 612.25 µg/mL, 202.39 µg/mL, and 15.26 µg/mL, respectively.) The antimicrobial efficacy test conclusively showed that the crude leaf extract of Passiflora foetida Linn. significantly outperformed flower and seed extracts in inhibiting the growth of four microbial species (p < 0.05). The findings indicate that Passiflora foetida Linn. leaf extract possesses the most potent bioactive properties compared to flower and seed extracts. These results suggest its potential use as an ingredient for developing antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory products.
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