Physicochemical properties comparison of sugarcane bagasse pith and fiber as solid fuel for biomass power plants
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Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse is the primary fuel used in biomass power plants. However, bagasse contains pith, which is one-third of its composition and has a structure that differs from fiber, which impacts the overall fuel properties of bagasse. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the physicochemical properties of bagasse pith and fiber for use as fuel in biomass power plants. The study began by mechanically separating the bagasse pith from the fiber, followed by analyzing both proximate and ultimate compositions, heating values, thermal decomposition, ash melting behavior, and the chemical composition of the biomass and ash. The results
indicated that bagasse fiber contains higher percentages of fixed carbon, volatile matter, carbon, and hydrogen than pith (14.4, 84.7, 48.4, and 5.8%, respectively). This led to higher heating values for bagasse fiber than pith (19.53 and 14.28 MJ/kg, respectively). Additionally, bagasse fiber had 22.8% less ash content than pith. Bagasse pith contained significantly higher inorganic content than sugarcane fiber in almost all components, especially silicon, which comprised 21.15%, approximately 19 times higher than fiber. Ash from bagasse pith did not melt even at 1,500 °C due to its high SiO2 content of 89.89%, whereas ash from bagasse fiber began to melt at a lower temperature (1,100 °C). The research concludes that bagasse fiber has better fuel properties than pith. This study suggests that consideration should be given to separating the bagasse pith before using the remaining portion as fuel in power plants to reduce ash management issues and improve the thermal properties of bagasse as a fuel. Bagasse pith should be considered for utilization in the paper and packaging industries, as raw material for construction material production, or as soil amendment material in the agricultural sector.
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References
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