Application of hot water therapy and fertilizer additives in the management of plant-parasitic nematodes on dichotomous plantain in southeastern Nigeria Utisol
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Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes pose a serious biotic threat among plantain cultivars in southeastern Nigeria. Field trials were conducted at the University of Uyo, Teaching and Research Farm during the 2018 and 2020 planting seasons. The objective of the study was to evaluate hot water therapy and fertilizer additives on the growth, yield, and management of parasitic nematodes on dichotomous plantain. The treatments consisted of four rates of fertilizer additives (0, 10, and 20 t ha-1 of poultry manure, and 400 kg ha-1 of NPK) applied to double and triple-bunching cultivars-Musa spp. AAB. Zero application without hot water therapy and additives served as control. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated four times. Data collected on the growth, yield-related components of plantain, and population of plant-parasitic nematodes detected were subjected to analysis of variance at a 5% level of significance. Results showed that pared hot water sucker with fertilizer additives increased significantly (P < 0.05) in growth and yield-related components. Also, plant-parasitic nematode genera detected at harvest included Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Radopholus, and Hoplolaimus in both soil and root of plantains’ first and second cropping cycles. Plant-parasitic nematode population was reduced significantly (P < 0.05) in treated plantain suckers in the two cropping cycles. The yield of treated plantain suckers significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 31.63–45.74% in the first cropping cycle (mother plant) while 57.84–69.19% was recorded in the second cropping cycle (ratoon plant). The study results imply that plant-parasitic nematodes contributed to yield losses in plantain production across southeastern Nigeria. The application of 20 t ha-1 poultry manure to treated plantain pared suckers is recommended for improved growth, yield, and management of nematodes. This follows that hot water therapy and adequate nutrient integration could be an eco-friendly strategy in the management of plantparasitic nematodes to ensure sustainable yield increase of dichotomous plantain genome.
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