The effects from diet substitution by Zymomonas mobilis degraded soybean hull in broiler chickens on haematology, blood chemistry, carcass traits and sensory evaluation
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Abstract
The fibrous nature of agro-industrial by-products limited their utilization in poultry production. A study was conducted for 56 days to evaluate the response of Marshal broiler chicks fed diets containing Zymomonas mobilis degraded soybean hull (SHZ). Three hundred and seventy-five a day-old unsexed broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 5 treatments of 5 replicates with 15 birds each in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Five diets containing undegraded soybean hull (SH) and SHZ were formulated to replace wheat offal at 0, 50, and 100% at starting and finishing phases. The dietary treatments did not (P > 0.05) influence the red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and monocytes of the starting broiler chickens. At the finishing phase, the birds fed 50% SH had the highest values (P < 0.05) for packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), and red blood cell (RBC). There was no influence (P > 0.05) on uric acid at starting and finishing phases. The birds fed 50% SH and 50% SHZ had higher (P < 0.05) values for the liver, while birds fed 100% SHZ had least value for the liver. However, the birds fed 50% SHZ had the highest values of breast and the same least values (P > 0.05) for kidneys and gizzards with birds fed 100% SH. Moreover the color of the meat was increased (P < 0.05) by the soybean hull based diets while 100% SH had highest value for flavor. The carcass traits were improved (P < 0.05) by 100% SH, 50% and 100% SHZ. Replacing wheat offal with SH-based diets promoted the development of the carcass trails of the birds. Therefore, 100% SH, 50% and 100% SHZ can replace wheat offal on a weight-to-weight basis without compromising their health status.
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