Response of finisher broilers to diets containing varying levels of toasted Bambara nut (Vigna subterranean) waste
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Abstract
The feeding trial was conducted for twenty-eight (28) days with one hundred and twenty (120) 4-week-old Anak® strain broilers. The feeding trial determined the proximate composition of the Bambara nut waste (BNW) and evaluated the performance, hematology, and serum biochemistry of broilers fed toasted BNW. Five diets were compounded, which contained 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% of toasted BNW. There were twenty-four birds in each treatment and eight birds per replicate. There were three replicates per treatment. The experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD). The proximate composition of the experimental diets showed dry matter values 89.21–90.50%, crude protein 20.10–22.32%, crude fiber 4.21–4.40%, ether extracts 5.60–7.95%, ash 5.46–7.78%, and nitrogen-free extract 50.37–51.71%. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments in final body weight (FBW), daily weight gain (DWG), daily feed intake (DFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). FBW ranged from 1,432.14 (20% BNW) to 1,594.05 g (0% BNW), DWG from 34.25 (20% BNW) to 39.00 g/day (0% BNW), DFI from 148.51 (0% BNW) to 157.62 g (20% BNW), and FCR from 3.83 (0% BNW) to 4.60 (20% BNW). Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found among treatments in packed cell volume, hemoglobin, white blood cell, red blood cell, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments in all serum biochemical parameters. Toasted BNW resulted in lighter birds at 8 weeks than the control except at 5%, but with appreciable live weight and daily weight gains still achieved even at 20% inclusion. However, BNW inclusion did not negatively impact the health status of the birds, even at the 20% inclusion level. BNW diets were cheaper per kilogram but feeding them was not as economical as the control due to higher feed intake. The use of toasted BNW is hereby recommended for broiler production, where it is very cheap.
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