Effects of dietary protein and energy levels on growth performances and reproductive system development in female Betong chicken (Gallus domesticus) during growing-pullet period
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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary protein and energy levels on growth performances and reproductive system development in female Betong chicken during growing to pullet period (12-20 weeks of age). Total of 180 chickens, 12 weeks of age, were assigned to the 2 x 3 factorials in completely randomized design. This study consisted of two factors i.e. dietary energy levels (2,850 and 3,000 metabolizable energy (ME) kcal/kg) and dietary protein levels (14, 16 and 18% crude protein, CP). The experiment consisted of 6 treatments with 3 replications. All chickens were fed ad libitum. Varying dietary protein levels had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on growth performances and reproduction system development. However, it was found that chickens received 2,850 ME kcal/kg had significantly higher (P < 0.05) body weight gains (581.11 g/bird) than those of 3,000 ME kcal/kg (519.44 g/bird) during 12-20 weeks of age. Moreover, chickens fed with 2,850 ME kcal/kg had significantly better (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratios than did 3,000 ME kcal/kg (6.942 and 7.757, respectively). There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between protein and energy levels on average body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, ovary weight, oviduct length and oviduct weight of female Betong chicken. There was a significant interaction (P < 0.05) between protein and energy levels on number of small size (diameter < 2 mm) of ovarian follicles. Chickens fed with 16% CP and 2,850 ME kcal/kg had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) number of small size of ovarian follicles than those of other treatments. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) among other treatments. In conclusion, 14-16% CP and 2,850 ME kcal/kg are recommended for the female Betong chickens during 12-20 weeks of age.
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