Prevention of dragon fruit stem canker caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum using antagonistic fungus Beauveria bassiana and silicon salts
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Abstract
Stem canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is the most destructive disease of dragon fruit in Thailand and worldwide. In this study, we investigated antagonistic activities of Beauveria bassiana on N. dimidiatum both in vitro and in vivo including silicon applications on dragon fruit cladodes. In vitro investigation using dual culture method for inhibition ability and metabolites released from mycelium. Conidial suspension was applied on seedlings and cladodes for establishing epiphyte and endophyte and ability against stem canker. Application of silicon salts by submerging or spraying cladodes were conducted. Results showed that B. bassiana significantly (P<0.01) inhibited mycelium growth of N. dimidiatum at the average of 65.22±2.38 % by non-volatile substances released from mycelium of B. bassiana.in to culture medium. B. bassiana survived on dragon fruit both as epiphyte and endophyte provided immediate protection to the plant for at least 14 days. Silicon salts at 500, 1,000 and 1,500 mg/L significantly reduced severity of stem canker disease. The results suggested that both B. bassiana and silicon salts are promising candidates for sustainable management of dragon fruit from canker disease.
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References
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