Effects of different diets and salinities on the production of the calanoid copepod Parvocalanus crassirostris
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Parvocalanus crassirostris is one of first-feeding marine ornamental fish larvae with small mouths. Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of diets and salinities on population growth, growth rate and population composition of P. crassirostris under controlled laboratory. Experiment 1: Four different diets (Isochrysis galbana, I. galbana & Chaetoceros sp., fermented rice bran, fermented soybean meal) were fed to the copepod. In addition, Experiment 2: Four different salinity levels (28, 30, 32, 35 ppt) on the production of P. crassirostris were investigated. The results showed that different diets had no effect on P. crassirostris. On day two, the maximum densities of the copepod were achieved when fed I. galbana (3.33±0.51 individuals/mL, 0.09±0.01 days.), fermented rice bran (3±0.19 individuals/mL, 0.08±0.20 days.), and fermented soybean meal (2.44±0.11 individuals mL-1, 0.04±0.18 days.) while the maximum density of copepod fed with mixed algae (3.44±0.56 individuals/mL, 0.34±0.01 days.) was attained on the fourth day of the experiment. Though, diets had no effect on growth of P. crassirostris, but the results reveal that feeding the copepod fed with algae significantly extended culture periods from only 8.00 days compared fermented rice bran or fermented soybean meal which had culture periods of 18 ±2.31 and 19.33±2.67 days, respectively. The effects of different salinity show that low salinity (28 ppt) exhibited maximum density and growth rate (5.67±0.38 individuals/mL, 0.33±0.04 days.) with the highest significance (p<0.01) than other salinity levels (30, 32, and 35 ppt) producing 3.33±0.33 individuals/mL and 0.16±0.08 days., 4.22±0.49 individuals mL-1 and 0.02±0.09 days., and 3.33±0.33 individuals/mL and 0.24±0.08 days., respectively. In conclusion, P. crassirostris prefers feeding with I. galbana & Chaetoceros sp. and salinity level at 28 ppt. for maximum production.
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