Efficiency fungal inhibition of downy mildew in melon leaves by zinc oxide compounding ginger, galangal and phlai

Abstract

The aim of this research is to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment for downy mildew in melon leaves using a composite of ZnO synthesized via the sol-gel method and calcined at 700°C for 1 hour. The synthesized ZnO was then mixed with the extract of ginger, galangal, and phlai and tested the efficacy of a treatment for downy mildew in melon leaves. The analysis of the samples with an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) revealed a hexagonal crystal structure. Furthermore, the crystal size of ZnO is 58.07 nm. The result of morphological with field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) is represented that the particles phase of ZnO is rod-shaped and also overlapped. Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-TR) of functional groups of ginger, galangal, and phlai are shown the presence of O-H bonds, C-H bonds, C=O bonds, C=C-C=C bonds, and C-O bonds. The anti-mildew efficacy in melon leaves of zinc oxide and ginger, galangal, and phlai with agar medium at a concentration of 4,000 µg/mL at a ratio of 1:1 by weight is found that ZnO mixed with galangal extract influences The highest percentage of infection was inhibited as 68.40 followed by phlai and ginger with percentage of infection was inhibited as 67.29 and 46.47, respectively.