Effects of GA3 and CPPU on the quality development of Arabica coffee fruits
Keywords:
Arabica coffee, Plant growth regulators, Fruit sizeAbstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of plant growth regulators GA3 (Gibberellic acid) and CPPU (N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea) on the quality development of Arabica coffee fruits. The experiment was conducted in Thepsadej Subdistrict, Doi Saket District, Chiang Mai Province, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 9 treatments. GA3 and CPPU were applied individually and in combination at concentrations of 25 and 50 ppm, sprayed once at six weeks after anthesis, and compared with a control. Data recorded were fresh fruit size, fresh fruit weight, pericarp thickness and weight, total soluble solids (TSS), and seed characteristics including width, length, thickness, and weight. The results showed that GA3 at 50 ppm combined with CPPU at 25 ppm tended to improve fruit size, with an average fruit width of 14.91 mm, fruit length of 16.44 mm, and seed length of 12.54 mm. GA3 at 25 ppm combined with CPPU at 50 ppm produced the highest average fresh fruit weight of 2.46 g, while CPPU at 50 ppm resulted in the highest pulp-to-fruit ratio of 79.81 %. GA3 at 25 ppm combined with CPPU at 25 ppm gave the highest TSS at 25.30 °Brix. Since most traits were not statistically different from the control, the findings suggest that GA3 and CPPU may enhance certain morphological and quality attributes of Arabica coffee fruits.
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