Genetic Stability of Guava (Psidium guajava L.)

Abstract

     Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) is a fruit which has high vitamin C content. The major guava production had been done several countries including Thailand. There are numerous guavas in Thailand, however history and genetics database of guava were not varietally clear. Guava identification is useful for breeding program. In this study, eighteen guava varieties were detected genetic stability by phenotype and DNA fingerprint. The phenotype was collected characteristic with leaves color, fruit color, pulp fruit color and leaves color of selfing progenies segregation. The DNA fingerprint was verified nine SSR markers. The result shows that, the seedling segregation of 18 guava cultivars were separated into 2 groups follow by the seedling leaves color; 1) the leaves color of progenies different from mother plant was 12 cultivars 2) the leaves color of progenies not different from mother plant was 6 cultivars. There was indicated non-genetic stability 6 guava cultivars by phenotype. The DNA fingerprint were examined among 18 guava cultivars with SSR markers. There was found that, only Putsa variety shows DNA pattern the same with their mother form nine SSR markers while 17 guava cultivars appeared the DNA pattern different from their mother and within progenies group. Thus, both of the phenotype and DNA fingerprint be able to demonstrate Putsa as highest genetic stability guava.