Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Partitioning in Relation to Growth and Yield of Rice cv. Khao Dawk Mali 105 and cv. Homnil
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Abstract
Study of nitrogen use efficiency and partitioning in relationship to growth and yield of rice was performed using split plot design in which main plot was rice variety e.g. cv. Khao Dawk Mali 105 and cv. Homnil and sub plot was nitrogen application rates e.g. 0, 15 and 30 kgN/rai. The results showed that, when 15 kgN/rai was applied, the dry matter return of Khao Dawk Mali 105 was almost twice higher than that of Homnil (30.62 and 16.11 kgDM/kgN, respectively). However, at the rate of 30 kgN/rai, the dry matter return of the two rice varieties showed no significant difference. The agronomic efficiency of Homnil was slightly higher than that of Khao Dawk Mali 105 with the average values of 5.85 and 7.11 kg yield/kgN, respectively. The results of nitrogen partitioning (N dynamic) revealed that the nitrogen concentration in root, shoot and leaves of both Khao Dawk Mali 105 and Homnil showed a tendency to increase from tillering until dough stage. The nitrogen content in panicle was higher than those of leaves, stem and root with the maximum average values of 10.4, 7.3, 5.4 and 4.8 mgN/g DM, respectively. The higher rate of nitrogen application rate had no significant effect in promoting nitrogen content in the rice tissue. However, the dry matter of root, shoot, leaves and panicle was increased with the rate of nitrogen application indicating that the nitrogen concentration in rice tissues had no relationship with the rice yield. There was no significant difference in grain yield among Khao Dawk Mali 105 and Homnil. Average greatest grain yield was found at 30 kgN/rai with the value of 420.5 kg/rai.
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