Effects of Foliar Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Phosphorus Use Efficiency in Rice RD61 Variety
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Abstract
Foliar fertilizer application is one of the methods to increase fertilizer use efficiency in plant. The objective of this research was to evaluate the rate of basal phosphorus (P) fertilizer combined with foliar P fertilizer application for improving yield and P use efficiency (PUE) in rice. The variety RD61 was planted in the Ayutthaya soil series, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya province. The experimental design was carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications and 11 treatments. The results showed that the basal P fertilizer at the rate 0.5 times of site-specific fertilizer management (SSF) combined with foliar P fertilizer application at 1.28 kg P2O5/rai (P0.5SSF + FP1.28) provided the highest grain yield (1,185 kg/rai) which was not significantly different from the P fertilizer application according to the farmers practices (PFMP) (10 kg P2O5/rai) and also gave the highest total P uptake in rice (10.17 kg P/rai). The basal fertilizer application of P0.5SSF was linear correlation between grain yield (R2 = 0.89*) and total P uptake in grain (R2 = 0.95**) with the concentration of foliar P fertilizer application higher than P0.25SSF. It was found that the foliar P fertilizer application at various rates had higher P use efficiency than basal P fertilizer application. The application of basal P fertilizer at 0.5 times of SSF combined with foliar P fertilizer at 1.28 kg P2O5/rai is suggested as a suitable method to increase yield and P use efficiency of rice RD61 variety planted in Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya province.
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