Effects of Tamarind Seed Meal in Diets on Growth and Feed Efficiency in Red Tilapia (<I>Oreochromis niloticus</I> x <I>O. mossambicus</I>)
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Abstract
This study was investigated the usage of tamarind seed meal (TSM) from the industrial factories processing. TSM was formulated to replace corn meal for red Nile tilapia on growth performance, feed, and nutrient utilization. The test diets were formulated with different levels of TSM from 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%. The initial fish had an average weight of 4.55 ± 0.02 g/ fish and fed with experimental diets for 10 weeks. The results showed that the fish fed diet 100% TSM replacement had the highest weight gain, SGR, rate of feed intake, feed utilization, FCR, PER, PPV and protein retention, but no significant differences with TSM80 and 90%. The hepatosomatic index was not significantly different at all test diets, however, viscerosomatic index was decreased in the high level of TSM. Feed efficiency, protein-, and lipid efficiency ratio were increased with the high levels of TSM. In addition, TSM inclusion had higher protein utilization than control diet, but protein retention was not the significant difference. The results of the present study indicated that TSM is able to substitute corn meal for 100% replacement that is a potential feedstuff for aquatic animals and can reduce the cost of producing aquatic animals for a lower price.
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