Effects of Chitosan and Methyl Jasmonate on Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (<I>PAL</I>) Gene Expression and Phenolic Compound Production in <I>In Vitro</I> Plantlets of <I>Stemona collinsae</I> Craib.
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Abstract
The effect of chitosan and methyl jasmonate on the induction of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and phenolic compound content in Stemona collinsae Craib. was conducted in this study. In vitro S. collinsae plantlets were stimulated for one and two weeks with various concentrations of elicitors. The observation found that PAL gene expression in root and shoot part of S. collinsae plantlets responded to elicitors depending on the concentration of stimulants, stimulation period and stage of plant growth. The shoot part of the 12 month-old S. collinsae plantlets stimulated with 100 mg/l chitosan showed the highest expression of PAL which was 3.93 fold higher than those determined in control and root part of stimulated plant. In addition, amount of total phenolic compound was 73.01 mg GAE/100g fresh weight which was 1.2 fold compared with the control. The 0.3 µM methyl jasmonate stimulation for one week increased the PAL gene expression at the highest level in the root part by 8.66 times, resulting an increase of the total phenolic content at 88.37 mg gallic acid per 100 g fresh weight which was 1.2 times higher than control. Comparing the effect of stimulation on stage of growth between 6 month-old and 12 month-old S. collinsae plantlets by adding 100 mg/l chitosan and 0.3 µM methyl jasmonate for one week, it was found that the amount of phenolic compounds obtained from all conditions were not significant different (P> 0.05) when compared to control.
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