Abilities of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in Enhancing Growth of Arabica Coffee Seedling
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Nitrogen is an important element for coffee production since it is the component of caffeine. The use of chemical nitrogen fertilizer poses a high risk to environmental pollution. The application of N2 fixing bacteria is an alternative to reduce the use of chemical fertilizer. Therefore, in the present study, bacteria were isolated from rhizosphere soils and rhizoplane of coffee grown in two site plantations. Sixty-five isolates of N2 fixing bacteria were obtained, accounting for 41.9 % of the total isolates (155 isolates). There were only 23 isolates of N2 fixing bacteria that showed dual abilities in phosphate and potassium solubilization. These isolates could release phosphate both from Ca3(PO4)2 and AIPO4 with values of 103.58-406.11 and 8.86-183.82 mg P/L, respectively. The value of solubilized potassium was 23.41-44.67 mg K/L. Isolate S2-4a1 and S1-2a4 showed highest ability in solubilizing two phosphate sources, and potassium, respectively. All the N2 fixing bacterial isolates were able to produce Indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.58-22.80 mg IAA/L). Eight isolates that showed different potential in phosphate and potassium solubilization, and IAA production were selected to test their effectiveness with coffee seedlings. The results indicated that isolate S2-4a1 gave significantly higher root and leaves growth, and nutrients uptake than the control. This isolate also exhibited 76, 211 and 252 % higher N, P and K uptake than the control, respectively.
Article Details
References
Bremner, J.M. 1965. Total nitrogen. pp. 1001-1015. In: R.W. Weaver, J.S. Angle and P.S. Bottomley (eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2: Microbiological and Biochemical Properties. Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin.
Delprete, P.G. and J.G. Jardim. 2012. Systematics, taxonomy and floristics of Brazilian Rubiaceae: an overview about the current status and future challenges. Rodriguesia 63(1): 101-128.
Gaur, A.C. 1990. Physiological functions of phosphate solubilizing micro-organisms. pp.16-72. In: A.C. Gaur (ed.). Phosphate Solubilizing Micro-organisms as Biofertilizers. Omega Scientific Publishers, New Delhi.
Gordon, S.A. and R.P. Weber.1951. Colorimetric estimation of indole acetic acid. Plant Physiology 26(1): 192-195.
Hartono, N., F. Asnawati, H. Citra, N.I. Hanhayani, M. Junda, A. Ali, Y. Hala and O. Jumadi. 2016. Ability of ammonium excretion, indol acetic acid production, and phosphate solubilization of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from crop rhizosphere and their effect on plant growth. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 11(19): 11735-11741.
Hebei Academy of Sciences. 1996. Bio-fertilizer Production. The International Science and Technology Cooperation. The Institute of Microbiology, Hebei. 25 p.
Huangmee, K., T. Punsak, P. Kanghae, W. Homhaul and W. Punsak. 2016. The influence of potassium-solubilizing bacteria to release exchangeable K. pp. 1-7. In: Proceedings of 14th National Conference “Naresuan Research”. Naresuan University, Phitsanulok. (in Thai)
Land Development Department. 2010. Handbook of Soil Chemical Analysis. Document No. OSD-03. Land Development Department, Bangkok. 52 p. (in Thai)
Liu, Z., Y.C. Li, S. Zhang, Y. Fu, X. Fan, J.S. Patel and M. Zhang. 2015. Characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria isolated from calcareous soils. Applied Soil Ecology 96: 217-224.
Panda, B., H. Rahman and J. Panda. 2016. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the acidic soils of eastern Himalayan region and their antagonistic effect on fungal pathogens. Rhzosphere 2: 62-71.
Parmar, P. and S.S. Sindhu. 2013. Potassium solubilization by rhizosphere bacteria: Influence of nutritional and environmental conditions. Journal of Microbiology Research 3(1): 25-31.
Suwanwisolkit, P. 2011. Efficiency of arabica coffee production in northern Thailand. Research report. Highland Research and Training Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai. 68 p. (in Thai)
Wang-nai, S. 1985. Soil Microorganism and Activity in Soil. Thai Watana Panich, Bangkok 193 p. (in Thai)
Weaver, R.W. and Seth K.A Danso. 1994. Dinitrogen fixation. pp. 1019-1043. In: R.W. Weaver, J.S. Angle and P.S. Bottomley (eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2: Microbiological and Biochemical Properties. Soil Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin.
Wedhastri, S., N.F. Yudianti, J. Widada and J.B. Baon. 2012. Ability of non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from coffee plant rhizosphere and their effects on robusta coffee seedlings. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A 2(5): 660-666.
Yiam-on, T., N. Riddech, P. Jaisil and S. Boonlue. 2012. Growth promotion of sugarcane by phosphate solubilizing bacteria in green house condition. Khon Kaen Agricultural Journal 40(Suppl. 3): 185-193. (in Thai)
Yupa, C. 2017. Isolation and characterization of rhizobacteria obtained from arabica coffee. Progress report. PHC SIAM Program 2016-2017. Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai. 10 p.
