Combining Abilities for Yield Performances of Chili Using Maintainers as Female Parents
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Abstract
Prospective genotypes of chili varieties CA1441-J-8 and CA1442 were evaluated. They were crossed with male sterile varieties PEPAC32 and PEPAC38. Pollen of F1 hybrids were evaluated by using a fertility scoring method. The study revealed that prospective genotypes of CA1441-J-8 and CA1442 varieties were B lines or maintainers. Combining abilities of chili were studied by crossing female parents CA1441-J-8 and CA1442 with 6 male parents; CA1446-8-2, CA1447-4-19, CA1448-5-13, CA1449-2-5, CA1450-3-6, and CA1451-5-11. The F1 hybrids, parental varieties, and commercial varieties were compared. It was found that yield of F1 hybrid CA1441-J-8 × CA1450-3-6 was not significantly different from most of F1 hybrids, but the yield was higher than female parents, most of male parents, and commercial varieties (Table 2). The F1 hybrid CA1442 × CA1447-4-19 showed the highest fruit weight, 75.61 g, which was higher than all varieties evaluated. The female parent CA1441-J-8 showed positive and significantly different of general combining abilities (GCA) for fruit length. The female parent CA1442 showed positive and significantly different of GCA for fruit weight. The male parent CA1450-3-6 showed positive and significantly different of GCA for yield, fruit weight, and fruit width. The male parent CA1447-4-19 showed positive and significantly different of GCA for fruit weight, fruit width, and fruit length. The male parent CA1448-5-13 showed positive and significantly different of GCA for fruit length. Some F1 hybrids from these parents showed positive and significantly different of specific combining abilities (SCA). Most of F1 hybrids exhibited positive significantly different heterosis for fruit number per plant, fruit weight, fruit width, and fruit length. The F1 hybrids, CA1441-J-8 × CA1450-3-6, CA1442 × CA1447-4-19, CA1442 × CA1448-5-13, and CA1442 ×CA1450-3-6 have potential to be used as parents for chili hybrid development.
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