Adaptation to Aerobic Condition of Upland and Wetland Rice Varieties
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Root system of rice genotypes differ in their adaptation to aerobic condition, both in water and nutrient uptake. However, studies of root system are time consuming and labor intensive. In Experiment 1, two rice genotypes Buebang (upland rice) and KDML 105 (wetland rice) were tested in 8 treatments to identify suitable growing media for screening genotypes of rice root system. It was found that Sansai soil and black loam soil were suitable for rice root study and Sansai soil was used further in Experiment 2. In Experiment 2, three each of upland (BueBang (BB), R258 and Seiw Mae Jan (SMJ)) and wetland (SupanBuri1 (SPR 1), Chainat1 (CNT 1) and Pathumthani1 (PTT 1)) rice were grown in two growth conditions (aerobic and flooded). Under aerobic condition, total root dry weight of BB, CNT 1 and R 258 varieties were increased. Root distribution of all wetland rice decreased at 0-30 cm depth but those of upland rice increased at 15-30 cm compared to the flooded condition. For shoot growth, shoot dry weight and number of tillers of wetland rice varieties were increased but plant height was reduced while those of upland rice were the same as in flooded. Thus, the root / shoot ratio of all upland rice varieties in aerobic were increased and all wetland rice, except CNT 1, decreased. For nutrient accumulation, nitrogen was increased only in PTT 1. Phosphorus of upland rice was decreased and wetland rice was not changed. Potassium was increased in PTT 1 but decreased in SPR 1. Calcium was increased in CNT 1 and BB, and magnesium decreased only in SPR 1.
Article Details
References
ดิน..ของประเทศไทย (ออนไลน์). 2556. สืบค้นจาก: http://www.ldd.go.th/thaisoils_museum/INDEX.HTM (2 มกราคม2557).
เบญจวรรณ ฤกษ์เกษม. 2552. การปลูกข้าวประหยัดน้ำ ด้วยวิธีปลูกแบบแอโรบิก. นิตยสารเทคโนโลยีชาวบ้าน 20(423): 63-64.
สุวรรณี แลน้อย ศันสนีย์ จำจด และ เบญจวรรณ ฤกษ์เกษม. 2550. ความแตกต่างระหว่างพันธุ์ข้าวไทยในการปรับตัวต่อสภาพดินไม่ขังน้ำ. วารสารเกษตร 23(ฉบับพิเศษ): 19-24.
สำนักงานวิจัยและพัฒนาข้าว กรมการข้าว. 2556. องค์ความรู้เรื่องข้าว (ระบบออนไลน์). แหล่งที่มา http://www.ricethailand.co.th (24 เมษายน 2556).
สำนักงานเศรษฐกิจการเกษตร. 2555. ผลพยากรณ์เนื้อที่เพาะปลูกและผลผลิตข้าวไทย (ระบบออนไลน์). แหล่งที่มา: http://www.thairiceexporters. or.th/production.htm (25 เมษายน 2555).
Girdthai, T., S. Jogloy, T. Kesmala, N. Vorasoot, C. Akkasaeng, S. Wongkaew, C. C. Holbrook, and A. Patanothai. 2010. Relationship between root characteristic of peanut in hydroponic and pot. Crop Science 50: 159-167.
George, T., R. Magbanua, P. G. Dennis, S. Brenda, A. Tuban, and J. Quiton. 2002. Rice rapid yield loss of rice cropped successively in aerobic soil. Agronomy Journal 94: 981-989.
Insalud, N., R. W. Bell, T. D. Calmer and B. Rerkasem. 2006. Morphological and physiological responses of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to limited phosphorus supply in aerated and stagnant solution culture. Annals of Botany 98: 995-1004.
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). 2005. Ann. Report. Los Banos, Philippines.
Kamoshita, A. R., N. Chandra Babub, B. Manikanda Boopathi and C. Shu Fukai. 2008. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of drought-resistance traits for development of rice cultivars adapted to rainfed environments. Field Crops Research 109: 1-23.
Kato, Y., A. Kamoshita and J. Yamagishi. 2008. Pre-flowering abortion reduces spikelet number in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) under water stress. Crop Science 48: 2389-2395.
Kundu, D. K. and J. K. Ladha. 1997. Effect of growing rice on nitrogen mineralization in flooded soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 61: 839-845.
Lay Heng, S. 2010. Drought tolerance and nutrient uptake efficiency in maize. M. S. Thesis, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Marschner, H., M. Treeby and V. Römheld. 1989. Mobilization of iron and other micronutrient ations from a calcareous soil by plant-borne, microbial, and synthetic metal chelators. Plant and soil 114: 217-226.
McDonald, A. E., B. R. Grant and W. C. Plaxton. 2001. Phosphite (phosphorous acid): Its relevance in the environment and agriculture, and influence on the plant phosphate starvation response. Journal of Plant Nutrition 24: 1505-1519.
Phattarakul, N. 2008. Genotypic variation in tolerance to soil in local upland rice varieties. Ph.D. Thesis, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Wang, H., B. A. M. Bouman, D. Zhao, C. Wang and P. F. Moya. 2004. Aerobic rice in northern China. pp. 143-154. in Water-wise rice production, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, The Philippines.
Zhang, H., Y. Xue, Z. Wang, J. Yang and J. Zhang. 2009. An alternate wetting and Moderate soil drying regime improves root and shoot growth in rice. Crop Science 49: 2246-2260.
