Identification of Longan var. Daw by Morphological Method

Abstract

Identification  was  carried  out  on  twenty  Daw clones of longan (Euphoria longana Lam.)   included   Daw Yod Kao,  Daw Yod Daeng,  Daw Kan Kaeng,  Daw Kan On,   Daw Bai Yoke,  Daw Kam Lang,  Daw Hom,  Daw Bai Hod,  Daw Puang Tong,  Daw Nam Pueng,  Daw Luang,  Daw Sukhum,  Daw Soy,  Daw Lum Nam Ping,  Daw Don Chai,  Daw Jae,  Daw Ta Noi,  Daw Nan Sao,  Daw Ban Hong 60  and  Daw Nong Chang Kuen from orchards plantation in Chiang Mai and Lamphun provinces as well as from field germplasm at the Royal Agriculture Research Centre, Chiang Mai.  Morphological method was examined using characters of leaves, flowers and fruits of each cultivar.  Then, keys to longan clones were constructed using characters of adaxial petiole colour, abaxial petiole colour, mature leaf colour, fruit shape, skin colour, aril colour and seed shape.  At 95 percent similarity, cluster analysis of phylogenetics showed that twenty Daw clones were classified into 14 groups.  One group consisted of three clones i.e. Daw Puang Tong, Daw Soy,  Daw Don Chai.  Four groups consisted of  two clones i.e. (1) Daw Bai Hod and Daw Yod Daeng  (2) Daw Kam Lang and Daw Ta Noi   (3) Daw Jae and Daw Luang   (4)  Daw Kan Kaeng and Daw Kan On.  Nine groups consisted of one clone i.e. Daw Yod Kao,  Daw Nong Chang Kuen,  Daw Bai Yoke,  Daw Nan Sao,  Daw Ban Hong 60,  Daw Hom,  Daw Sukhum,  Daw Nam Pueng and  Daw Lum Nam Ping.