Mungbean as Green Manure for Growth and Yield of Subsequent Japonica Rice
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
An experiment on the use of mungbean (Vigna radiata) as green manure for subsequent japonica rice yield was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University during May-December 1997. The experimental design was a split plot with four replications. Two soil managements, semidry and flooded conditions, after green manure incorporation used as main plot and the incorporation at flowering and maturity with and without pod removal used as sub plot including control plots (weeds fallow) which receiving 0,6.0 and 12.0 kgN/raí as urea. Two third of the N fertilizer was applied at the time of transplanting and the rest was applied at the panicle initiation stage. All experimental plots were puddled for rice transplanting 2 weeks after green manure incorporation
The biomass (the above ground dry matter) production at flowering of green manure was 301 kg/rai with its N accumulation of 8.0 kg. At maturity, the total biomass and N accumulation were 801 kg/rai (with pod 326 kg.) and 18.1 kg/rai respectively, The N retained in the pods was 12.1 kg/rai. The biomass of weeds of the control plot (weed fallow) was 118 kg/rai with its N 1.6 kg. The incorporation of green manure under both semidry and flooded conditions significantly increased growth (dry matter accumulation and tillering) and grain yield. The higher yields were observed from the flooded condition than the semidry treatments. The yields obtained from the flooded conditions were 36-67%, (depending on the incorporating practices) greater than the control plot (279 kg/rai) compared with 1-10% observed from the semidry condition. The highest yield 469 kg/rai was obtained from the treatment of incorporating green manure at maturity with pods. The other two treatments, incorporation at flowering and maturity with pod removal, under flooded condition, gave grain yields 425 and 385 kg/rai respectively. This recorded yield (469 kg/rai) was equivalent to the yield of the 6 kg N treatment and the highest yield 650 kg/rai was obtained from the 13.0 kgN/rai application.
Article Details
References
Bouldin, D.R. 1988. Effect of green manure on soil organic matter content and N availability. In green manure in rice farming. Proceeding of a symposium on sustainable agriculture IRRI 25-29 May, 1987 pp. 151-162.
Buresh, R.J. and S. K. De Datta. 1991. Nitrogen dynamics and management in rice-legume cropping systems. Adv. Agron. 45: 1-59.
Dreyfus, B. 1983. Use of Sesbania rostrata as green manure in paddy fields. OSTOM, Dakar, Senegal.
George, T., J.K. Ladha, R.j. Buresh and D. P. Garrity. 1992. Managing native and legume-fixed nitrogen in lowland rice-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil. 141: 69-91.
Herrera, W.T., C. Vejpas and D.P. Grarrity. 1990. Green manure seed production: Components and systems research to overcome the critical constraints on small farm. Paper presented at the 1990 Asian Farming System Research and Extension Symposium, 19-22 November, 1990. Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand.
Ito, O and I. Watanabe. 1985. Availability to rice plants of nitrogen fixed by azolla. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 31 (1): 91-104.
Ishikawa, M. 1988. Green manure in rice : The Japan experience. In green manure in rice farming. Proceeding of a symposium on sustainable agriculture IRRI 25-29 May 1987 pp. 45-61
Kawaguchi, K. and K. Kyuma. 1977. Paddy soils in tropical Asia; Thesis material nature and fertility. University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu, 258p.
Meelu, O.P. and R.A. Morris 1988. Green manure management in rice-base cropping systems. Proceeding
Nagarajar, S. 1988. Transformation of green manure nitrogen in lowland rice soils. In Sustainable Agriculture: Green Manure in Rice Farming. IRRI. Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. pp. 193-208.
People, M.B., A.W. Faizah, B. Rerkasem and D.F. Herridge. 1989. Methods for Evaluting Nitrogen Fixation by Nodulated Legumes in the Field. ACIAR Monograph No. 11, ACIAR, Canberra.
Singh, Y., C.S. Khind and B. Singh. 1991. Efficient management of leguminous green manures in wetland rice. Adv. Agron. 45 : 135-189.
Vlek, P.L.G. and Bymess, B.H. 1986. The efficcacy and loss of fertilizer N in lowland rice in nitrogen economy of flooded rice soils. In S.K. De Datta and W., H. Patrick, Jr. (eds) Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Westcott, M.P. and D. S. Mikkelsen. 1988. Effect of green manure on rice soil fertility in the United State. In Green manure in rice farming. Proceeding of a symposium on sustainable agriculture IRRI 25-29 May 1987 pp. 151-162
