Chlorophyll Content and Nutrient Status in Durian Leaves and Soil Growing Under Agroforestry System
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Abstract
Nutrient management is very important for growing quality durian on sloping land in the agroforestry system of Uttaradit province. The objectives of this work were to determine chlorophyll content, and evaluate nutrient status in soils and leaves during the first and second stages of leaf flushing that link to photosynthesis and nutrient management. Soils and leaves of seven orchards differing in nutrient management were collected. Soil properties such as pH, organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, calcium and magnesium were analyzed. Furthermore, greenness values, chlorophyll content and nutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium of leaves were analyzed. Medium and correlation between 2 variables were determined. The results showed that chlorophyll contents were observed higher in the first leaf stage. Greenness correlated with total chlorophyll (r = 0.52***) but not for nitrogen. Soil pH was below 5.5 and organic matter was over 2 percent. All available forms of nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium were mostly below the standard range. Negative interaction between exchangeable potassium and exchangeable calcium (R2 = 0.36**) and exchangeable magnesium (R2 = 0.38**) were observed. Meanwhile, the nutrient status of index leaves was varied. Only nitrogen contents were in the standard range. Phosphorus, potassium and magnesium contents were above standard ranges but calcium was the opposite. Negative interaction between potassium and calcium (R2 = 0.91**) as well as potassium and magnesium (R2 = 0.94**) were clearly noticeable. Nevertheless, magnesium was 3-6 times over the standard range. Briefly, magnesium was more needed over the standard range for photosynthesis. Calcium applied for soil pH adjustment is essential for durian growing under agroforestry.
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