Encapsulation of Carotenoid Extract from Spirulina by Spray Drying Technique
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Abstract
Spirulina platensis is a highly nutritious cyanobacterium. It also contains carotenoids, which are important antioxidants. Carotenoids are light and temperature sensitive, and thus easily breakdown. The extracted carotenoid of microwave assisted extraction from spirulina was encapsulated using different ratio of wall materials (maltodextrin : gum arabic) as 2.0 : 0.0, 1.5: 0.5 and 1.0: 1.0 and inlet temperature of 140 and 180 °C by spray drying. The physicochemical properties and morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the encapsulated powder was investigated. The results showed that the ratio of wall material and inlet temperature had a significant effect on yield, moisture content, b-carotene content, total carotenoid content and the encapsulation efficiency. The ratio of maltodextrin : gum arabic of 1.0 : 1.0 and the inlet temperature of 180 °C, resulting the highest encapsulation efficiency of 47.34 ± 2.96 % with 22.07 ± 0.50 % yield, ß-carotene content of 6.97 ± 0.52 µg/g dry powder and carotenoid content of 2.50 ± 0.16 mg/g dry powder. The physicochemical properties of encapsulated powder were moisture content of 1.03 ± 0.21 % and water activity of 0.068 ± 0.008.
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