เทคโนโลยีการตรวจติดตามคุณภาพเมล็ดธัญพืชในการเก็บรักษาหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว: บทปริทัศน์ Grain quality monitoring technologies in post-harvest storage: a review
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
บทคัดย่อ
บทความปริทัศน์นี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอภาพรวมของความก้าวหน้าและการพัฒนาเทคโนโลยีที่ใช้ในการตรวจติดตามคุณภาพของเมล็ดธัญพืชในระหว่างการเก็บรักษาหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว โดยมีเนื้อหากล่าวถึงปัจจัยเสี่ยงสำคัญที่ส่งผลต่อการเสื่อมสภาพของเมล็ด ได้แก่ อุณหภูมิและความชื้นเมล็ด, แมลงศัตรูในโรงเก็บ และเชื้อรา พร้อมทั้งให้รายละเอียดของระบบตรวจติดตามสมัยใหม่ที่อาศัยโครงข่ายเซนเซอร์เพื่อวัดค่าปัจจัยเหล่านี้แบบเวลาจริง ข้อมูลที่ได้จากระบบดังกล่าวสามารถถูกนำมาใช้ประเมินความเสี่ยง เพื่อช่วยในการตัดสินใจใช้มาตรการแทรกแซงเพื่อควบคุมและ/หรือยับยั้งปัญหาที่สร้างความเสียหายต่อเมล็ดอย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ ซึ่งจะช่วยลดการสูญเสียคุณภาพของผลผลิต และยังเป็นประโยชน์ต่อการจัดการเมล็ดธัญพืชอย่างยั่งยืน
This review article provides an overview of the advances and developments in technologies used for monitoring the quality of cereal grains during post-harvest storage. It discusses the key risk factors that contribute to grain deterioration, including temperature and moisture content of the grains, storage insects, and fungi. Furthermore, it details modern monitoring systems that use sensor networks to measure these factors in real-time. The data obtained from such systems can be used to assess risks, helping to inform decisions on effective intervention measures to control and/or prevent problems that cause damage to the grains. This, in turn, helps to reduce losses in product quality and is also beneficial for the sustainable management of cereal grains.
Article Details
อนุญาตภายใต้เงื่อนไข Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
สมาคมวิศวกรรมเกษตรแห่งประเทศไทย
Thai Socities of Agricultural Engineering
เอกสารอ้างอิง
พรทิพย์ วิสารทานนที, กุสุมา นวลวัฒน์, บุษรา จันทร์แก้วมณี, ใจทิพย์ อุไรชื่น, รังสิมา เก่งการพานิช, กรรณิการ์ เพ็งคุ้ม, จิราภรณ์ ทองพันธ์, ดวงสมร สุทธิสุทธิ์, ลักขณา ร่มเย็น, ภาวินี หนูชนะภัย. 2548. แมลงที่พบในผลิตผลเกษตรและการป้องกันกำจัด. กรุงเทพมหานคร: กลุ่มวิจัยและพัฒนาเทคโนโลยีหลังการเก็บเกี่ยว กรมวิชาการเกษตร.
ASABE. 2021. Standard ASAE D245.7 JUN2021: Moisture relationships of plant-based agricultural products. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE.
Banga, K.S., Kotwaliwale, N., Mohapatra, D., Giri, S.K. 2018. Techniques for insect detection in stored food grains: an overview. Food Control. 94, 167-176.
Bonjour, E.L., Phillips, T.W. 2003. Comparing insect captures in the "StorMax Insector" and other probe traps. In: Credland, P.F., Armitage, D.M., Bell, C.H., Cogan, P.M., Highley, E. (Eds). Proceedings of the Eighth International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, 238-240. CAB International, Wallingford, United Kingdom. 22-26 July 2002, York, UK.
Brooker, D.B., Bakker-Arkema, F.W., Hall, C.W. 1974. Drying Cereal Grains, Westport, Connecticut, AVI Publishing Company Inc.
Casada, M.E., Armstrong, P.R. 2009. Wheat moisture measurement with a fringing field capacitive sensor. Transactions of the ASABE. 52(5), 1785-1791
CGrain. 2025. เครื่องเป่าลมเย็น สำหรับข้าว-ธัญพืช. CGrain Technology Co., Ltd. Available at: https://cgrain.com/pcat/grain-chillers-th/. Accessed on 7 July 2025
Chen, C. 2001. Moisture measurement of grain using humidity sensors. Transactions of the ASAE. 44(5), 1241.
Chotikasatian, C., Chayaprasert, W., Pathaveerat, S. 2017. A study on the feasibility of quantifying the population density of stored product insects in air-tight grain storage using CO2 concentration measurements. Journal of Stored Products Research. 73, 21-29
CO2METER. 2025. How does an NDIR CO2 sensor work? CO2METER Inc. Available at: https://www.co2meter.com/en-th/blogs/news/how-does-an-ndir-co2-sensor-work. Accessed on 4 August 2025
Control Unlimited. 2025. Grain monitoring: grain insect probe trap. Control Unlimited Pty Ltd. Available at: https://www.grainaeration.com.au/products/controllers-1/grain-insect-trap. Accessed on 7 August 2025
Eltrum Systems. 2025. Grain temperature monitoring and control. Musninkai, Lithuania. Available at: https://eltrum.com/presentation/eltrum-systems-en.pdf. Accessed on 22 July 2025
Epsky, N.D., Shuman, D. 2001. Laboratory evaluation of an improved electronic grain probe insect counter. Journal of Stored Products Research. 37(2), 187-197.
Eye-Grain. 2025a. CO2 Sniffer for spoilage detection. Eye-Grain ApS. Available at: https://crop-protector.com/products/product/co2-sniffer-spoilage-detection/. Accessed on 7 July 2025
Eye-Grain. 2025b. Moisture sensor cables for grain silos. Eye-Grain ApS. Available at: https://crop-protector.com/products/product/moisture-sensor-cable/. Accessed on 31 July 2025
Eye-Grain. 2025c. All-in-one floor sensor (AIO). Eye-Grain ApS. Available at: https://crop-protector.com/products/product/aio-floor-sensor/. Accessed on 7 July 2025
FAO. 2011. Chapter 16 Grain crop drying, handling and storage. In, Rural structures in the tropics: design and development. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Flinn, P.W., Opit, G.P., Throne, J.E. 2009. Predicting stored grain insect population densities using an electronic probe trap. Journal of Economic Entomology. 102(4), 1696-1704
Flor, O., Palacios, H., Suárez, F., Salazar, K., Reyes, L., González, M., Jiménez, K. 2022. New sensing technologies for grain moisture. Agriculture. 386
Flu-Tech. 2025a. การเก็บรักษาเมล็ดพืชในถังไซโล. Flu-Tech Co., Ltd. Available at: https://flutech.co.th/maintain-quality-of-grain-in-storage-silos/. Accessed on 7 July 2025
Flu-Tech. 2025b. EST grain silo temperature & level monitoring system. Flu-Tech Co., Ltd. Available at: https://flutech.co.th/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/EST110-Multi-point-temperature-sensor.pdf. Accessed on 22 July 2025
Gescaser. 2025. Obtain maximum market value of your grain by preserving it under perfect temperature and moisture conditions. Gescaser SA. Available at: https://www.gescaser.com/for-silos/. Accessed on 1 August 2025
Górnicki, K., Kaleta, A. 2013. Criteria of determination of safe grain storage time – a review. In: Grundas, S.T., Stępniewski, A. (Eds.), Advances in Agrophysical Research. Rijeka, Croatia: IntechOpen Ltd.
Gwinner, J., Harnisch, R., Muck, O. 1996. Manual of the prevention of post-harvest grain losses. Eschborn, Germany: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH.
Insects Limited. 2025. Pest products. Insects Limited Inc. Available at: https://www.insectslimited.com/store. Accessed on 14 August 2025
Jian, F., Chelladurai, V., Jayas, D.S., White, N.D.G. 2012. Insector® system to monitor insect activity and density during grain storage and fumigation. In: Navarro, S., Banks, H.J., Jayas, D.S., Bell, C.H., Noyes, R.T., Ferizli, A.G., Emekci, M., Isikber, A.A.,
Alagusundaram, K. (Eds). Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Stored Products, 396-402. ARBER Professional Congress Services, Turkey, Antalya, Turkey.
Jian, F., Jayas, D.S. 2012. Temperature monitoring. In: Hagstrum, D.W., Phillips, T.W., Cuperus, G. (Eds.), Stored Product Protection. 271-282. Manhattan, Kansas: Kansas State University
Jian, F., Jayas, D.S., White, N.D.G. 2014. How many kilograms of grain per sample unit is big enough? Part I – Comparison of insect detection and density estimation between manual probe sampling and Insector® system. Journal of Stored Products Research. 56, 60-66.
Kaur, M., Kaur, T. 2020. Integrated pest management: a paradigm for modern age. In: Kontogiannatos, D., Kourti, A., Mendes, K.F. (Eds.), Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production. Rijeka, Croatia: IntechOpen Ltd.
Kett US. 2025. Learn the six methods for determining moisture: the advantages, deficiencies and who uses each method. Kett US. Available at: https://blog.kett.com/hs-fs/hub/173270/file-2496654055-pdf/docs/kett_six_different_moisture_methods_ebook.pdf. Accessed on 28 July 2025
Kuzmanov, D., Dimitrov, N. 2009. Forecasting the necessity of grain fumigation during storage. Czech Journal of Food Sciences. 27(3), 210-215
Lewis, M.A., Trabelsi, S., Nelson, S.O. 2018. Real-time monitoring of moisture within an eighth-scale grain bin during drying, 2018 ASABE Annual International Meeting: ASABE Paper No. 1801664, St. Joseph, MI, ASABE, pp. 1.
Liu, J., Qiu, S., Wei, Z. 2022. Real-time measurement of moisture content of paddy rice based on microstrip microwave sensor assisted by machine learning strategies, Chemosensors, pp. 376
Liu, L., Song, C., Zhu, K., Liu, P. 2024. A design method for an SVM-based humidity sensor for grain storage, Sensors, pp. 2854.
Lutz, É., Coradi, P.C. 2022. Applications of new technologies for monitoring and predicting grains quality stored: Sensors, Internet of Things, and Artificial Intelligence. Measurement. 188, 110609
Maier, D.E., Channaiah, L.H., Martinez-Kanwas, A., Lawrence, J.S., Chaves, E.V., Coradi, P.C., Fromme, G.A. 2010. Monitoring carbon dioxide concentration for early detection of spoilage in stored grain. In: Carvalho, M.O., Fields, P.G., Adler, C.S., Arthur, F.H., Athanassiou, C.G., Campbell, J.F., Fleurat-Lessard, F., Flinn, P.W., Hodges, R.J., Isikber, A.A., Navarro, S., Noyes, R.T., Riudavets, J., Sinha, K.K., Thorpe, G.R., Timlick, B.H., Trematerra, P., White, N.D.G. (Eds). Proceedings of the Tenth International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection, 505–509. Julius Kühn-Institut, Berlin, Germany, Estoril, Portugal.
Martin Lishman. 2025. Insect traps. Martin Lishman Ltd. Available at: https://martinlishman.com/insect-traps/. Accessed on 14 August 2025
Muir, W.E., Waterer, D., Sinha, R.N. 1985. Carbon Dioxide as an Early Indicator of Stored Cereal and Oilseed Spoilage. Transactions of the ASAE. 28(5), 1673-1675
Nansen, C., Meikle, W.G. 2011. The economic injury level and action threshold in stored-product systems. Stewart Postharvest Review. 7(3), 1-8
Navarro, S., Noyes, R. 2002. The Mechanics and Physics of Modern Grain Aeration Management, Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press LLC, pp. 647
Navarro, S., Noyes, R.T., Casada, M., Arthur, F.H. 2012. Grain aeration. In: Hagstrum, D.W., Phillips, T.W., Cuperus, G. (Eds.), Stored Product Protection (pp. 121-134). Manhattan, Kansas: Kansas State University
Neethirajan, S., Jayas, D.S. 2007. Sensors for grain storage, 2007 ASAE Annual Meeting: ASABE Paper No. 076179, St. Joseph, MI, ASABE
Neethirajan, S., Karunakaran, C., Jayas, D.S., White, N.D.G. 2007. Detection techniques for stored-product insects in grain. Food Control. 18, 157–162
Nunes, C.F., Coradi, P.C., Jaques, L.B.A., Teodoro, L.P.R., Teodoro, P.E. 2023. Sensor-cable-probe and sampler for early detection and prediction of dry matter loss and real-time corn grain quality in transport and storage. Scientific Reports. 13(1), 5686.
OPISystems. 2025a. Maximizing grain storage: the importance of using grain bin temperature cables. OPISystems Inc. Available at: https://opisystems.com/maximizing-grain-storage-the-importance-of-using-grain-bin-temperature-cables/. Accessed on 22 July 2025
OPISystems. 2025b. OPI INTEGRIS Pro. OPISystems Inc. Available at: https://opisystems.com/integris-pro/. Accessed on 14 August 2025
Proctor, D.L. 1994. Grain Storage Techniques: Evolution and Trends in Developing Countries. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t1838e/t1838e00.htm. Accessed on 9 July 2025.
Rai, A.K., Dass, B., Tiwari, V.K. 2018. Design of a probe type in situ electronic grain moisture measurement system. Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications. 11(2), 246-250
Rolfes @ Boone. 2009. Cables, leadwire & conduit installation. Boone Cable Works & Electronics, Inc. Available at: https://rolfesatboone.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/temperature_cable_manual.pdf. Accessed on 3 July 2024
Sadaka, S., Atungulu, G., Olatunde, G. 2025. Safe grain storage period. Research and Extension, University of Arkansas System. Available at: https://www.uaex.uada.edu/publications/pdf/FSA1058.pdf. Accessed on 19 August 2025
Shuman, D., A. Coffelt, J., K. Weaver, D. 1996. A Computer-based electronic fall-through probe insect counter for monitoring infestation in stored products. Transactions of the ASAE. 39(5), 1773-1780
Singh, C.B., Fielke, J.M. 2017. Recent developments in stored grain sensors, monitoring and management technology. IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine. 20(3), 32-55
Singh, D., Muir, W.E., Sinha, R.N. 1983. Finite element modelling of carbon dioxide diffusion in stored wheat. Canadian Agricultural Engineering. 25(1), 149-152
Sinha, R.N., Wallace, H.A.H. 1965. Ecology of a fungus-induced hot spot in stored grain. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 45(1), 48-59
Sinha, R.N., Waterer, D., Muir, W.E. 1986a. Carbon dioxide concentrations associated with insect infestations of stored grain 1. natural infestation of corn barley and wheat in farm granaries. Sciences des Aliments. 6(1), 91-98
Sinha, R.N., Waterer, D., Muir, W.E. 1986b. Carbon dioxide concentrations associated with insect infestations of stored grain 2. infestation in wheat filled jars. Sciences des Aliments. 6(1), 99-106
Sinha, R.N., Waterer, D., Muir, W.E. 1986c. Carbon dioxide concentrations associated with insect infestations of stored grain 3. infestation in bagged wheat. Sciences des Aliments. 6(1), 107-118
Songwang, L. 1999. Grain temperature measurement cable. Patent Number CN2349566Y
Standardization Administration of China. 2024. GB/T 26882.1-2024 Grain and oil storage—Monitoring and control system of stored-grain condition—Part 1: General rule. Standardization Administration of China. Available at: https://std.samr.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=28045D84D9999055E06397BE0A0A7C5C. Accessed on 22 July 2025
Stern, V.M., Smith, R.F., Bosch, R.v.d., Hagen, K.S. 1959. The integrated control concept. Hilgardia. 29(11), 81-101.
Supertech Agroline. 2025. Moisture multi-sensor cable SLM3000. Supertech Agroline ApS. Available at: https://www.agrolog.io/moisture-cable. Accessed on 31 July 2025
Toews, M.D., Phillips, T.W., Shuman, D. 2003. Electronic and manual monitoring of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae) in stored wheat. Journal of Stored Products Research. 39(5), 541-554
Trécé. 2025. Storgard® early-warning insect monitoring systems. Trécé Inc. Available at: https://www.trece.com/products/storgard-early-warning-insect-monitoring/. Accessed on 14 August 2025.
Uddin, M.S., Armstrong, P.R., Zhang, N. 2006. Accuracy of grain moisture content prediction using temperature and relative humidity sensors. Applied Engineering in Agriculture. 22(2), 267-273
Wang, Z., Chen, Z., Zhang, Y., Geng, C., Song, W., Sun, Z., Guo, B., Yu, Z., Chen, L. 2024. GrainSense: a wireless grain moisture sensing system based on Wi-Fi wignals. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies. 8(3), Article 136
White, N.D.G., Arbogast, R.T., Fields, P.G., Hillmann, R.C., Loschiavo, S.R., Subramanyam, B., Throne, J.E., Wright, V.F. 1990. The development and use of pitfall and probe traps for capturing insects in stored grain. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society. 63(4), 506-525.
White, N.D.G., Sinha, R.N., Muir, W.E. 1982a. Intergranular carbon dioxide as an indicator of deterioration in stored rapeseed. Canadian Agricultural Engineering. 24, 43-50.
White, N.D.G., Sinha, R.N., Muir, W.E. 1982b. Intergranular carbon dioxide as an indicator of biological activity associated with the spoilage of stored wheat. Canadian Agricultural Engineering. 24(1), 35-42.
World Grain. 2025. Early spoilage detection. Sosland Publishing Co. Available at: https://www.world-grain.com/articles/10162-early-spoilage-detection. Accessed on 6 August 2025.
Yuliang, B. 2012. Temperature measurement cable assembly for grain condition monitoring and control system. Patent Number CN102589749A
