Analyses of Bioactive Ingredients and Pigments from Some Edible Flowers for Poultry Diets

Abstract

The study aim was to analyze bioactive ingredients and pigments such as amount of total phenolic, total carotenoid, total anthocyanin, and total flavonoid contents of 4 common edible flower, including African tulip (Spathodea campanulate), agasta (Sesbania grandiflora), yellow silk cotton (Cochlospermum regium) and golden shower (Cassia fistula). Dried samples were serially extracted with methanol (80:20 v/v) ratio 1: 5 in period 12 hrs. Analysis of variance and least square means comparison were used for the study. The result revealed that yellow silk cotton had the highest values of total phenolic, total carotenoid and total flavonoid contents (48.82 ± 0.41 mg GAE/g, 28.91 ± 0.43 mg ß-carotene/100 g and 8.87 ± 0.38 mg CE/g), follow by golden shower (26.94 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g, 22.95 ± 0.20 mg ß-carotene/100 g and 3.53 ± 0.11 mg CE/g), African tulip (6.64 ± 0.13 mg GAE/g, 9.31 ± 0.14 mg ß-carotene/100 g and 3.47 ± 0.14 mg CE/g), and agasta (5.61 ± 0.10 mg GAE/g, 4.13 ± 0.06 mg ß-carotene/100 g and 0.97 ± 0.02 mg CE/g), respectively. On the other hand, total anthocyanin content was found only in agasta (119.40±3.98 mg CGE/100 g). In conclusion, using 4 edible flowers especially yellow silk cotton had higher values of bioactive ingredients and pigments than other flowers. This was another option for consumers and laying chicken farm manufacturer or farmer could be a source as pigment for enhancing the color intensity of the egg yolk can be used and ingredient in poultry feed in the future.