Efficacy of Certain Herbicides on Purple Nutsedge Control and Their Toxicity on Sweet Corn

Abstract

Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is a perennial weed reproduced by tubers categorized a noxious weed. It generally distributed and hardly eradicated in sweet corn areas causing the quality and yield loss. Herbicide is popular and the most effective for weed control because it is more convenience, fast and economic. However, a selection of herbicides should be chosen based on its efficacy on weeds and non-toxicity against main crops. This research aimed to test an efficacy of certain herbicides of control purple nutsedge and their toxicity on sweet corn. The pre-emergence herbicides included acetochlor by 240, 300, 360 g ai/rai, sulfentrazone by 57.6, 96, 134.3 g ai/rai, and imazapic by 12, 18, 24 g ai/rai. The post-emergence herbicides included temdotrione by 8.4, 16.8, 25.2 g ai/ rai, triclopyr by 44.8, 67.2, 89.6 g ai/rai, 2,4-D-dimethylammonium by 44.8, 67.2, 89.6 g ai/rai, and halosulfuron-methyl by 3, 6, 12 g ai/rai. A randomized completely block design with 4 replications was used. The experiment was conducted in pot culture under glasshouse condition. The result showed that acetochlor showed the greatest inhibition of purple nutsedge followed by sulfentrazone and imazapic respectively. They also showed a little injury of sweet corn and can recover after that. For the post-emergence herbicides showed that 2,4-D-dimethylammonium and triclopyr showed the most inhibitory effect against purple nutsedge followed by halosulfuron methyl and temdotrione respectively. They also showed non-toxicity on sweet corn. This result suggested these herbicides were suitable for purple nutsedge control in a sweet corn field which it was a basis for test the efficacy in a field experiment.