Effects of Chicken Manure, Perlite and Rate of Chemical Fertilizer on Virgin Cane Grown in a Coarse-textured Soil
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Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of chicken manure (CM) and perlite (PL) and chemical fertilizer on virgin cane in Korat soil series located in a farmer field, Nakhon Ratchasima province. This soil had coarse texture nature with low fertility status. Split plot design was employed. Main plot consisted of no application (T1), the applications of
chicken manure: 6.25 (T2) and 12.5 (T3) t/ha, perlite; 0.625 (T4) and 1.25 (T5) t/ha, the combination between CM and PL: T2 and T4 (T6), and T3 and T4 (T7). Subplot comprised two
rates of chemical fertilizer; 1) 18.8:18.8:18.8 kg/ha of N:P2O5:K2O as basal application and 147.5:32.5:52.5 kg/ha of N:P2O5:K2O as topdressing (F1), and 2) 37.5:37.5:37.5 kg/ha of N:P2O5:K2O as basal application and 295:65:105 kg/ha of N:P2O5:K2O as topdressing (F2). Sugarcane, K95-84 after variety was planted at the early rainy season and harvested when the plant was 12-month old. Results revealed that the application of CM at the rate of 12.5 t/ha (T3) highly significantly promoted the highest fresh cane yield of 103 t/ha but was not statistically different from those obtained from T2, T6 and T7. The control (T1) without soil amendment addition gave the lowest fresh cane yield of 55.84 t/ha. Similar effect was also on aboveground biomass and number of cane. Chemical fertilizer had less clear effect on fresh cane yield and plant components despite F1 being the only half amount of F2. Chicken manure significantly promoted higher concentrations of all major plant nutrients, calcium and iron in leaf and tip and in cane while perlite-amended soil giving a very high amount of silicon concentration in both plant parts. Nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, and manganese in leaf and tip, and nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium in cane highly significantly had a positive correlation with fresh cane yield, thus; it is necessary to provide sufficient amounts of these nutrients to the plant to retain a satisfactory yield. Based on the result of this study, the application of CM at the rate of 12.5 t/ha with a recommended rate of chemical fertilizer can be recommended for use in the coarse-textured soil.
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