Optimal latent period for sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma disease transmission by leafhopper vector
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Abstract
Leafhopper Matsumuratettix hiroglyphicus (Matsumura) is an important vector in transmission of the sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) phytoplasma disease. The phytopalsma transmission process of this insect vector is circulative propagative transmission which includes an acquisition access period (AAP), latent period (LP) and inoculation access period (IAP). The LP is an important process during which the insect is able to transmit phytoplasma into the plant and become the vector of SCWL phytoplasma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the optimal LP of the leafhopper vector. Female, male, and 5th instar nymph insects were fed on infected sugarcane plants for 24 hours of AAP and then moved to feed on disease - free sugarcane plants for LP of 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days. The insect vectors were checked for the transmission efficiency of SCWL phytoplasma after each LP process. The results showed that the number of SCWL phytoplasma cells was highest at all of LPs in female insects. The minimum LP in female, male and 5th instar nymph insects was 14 days, the insects showed the percentage of phytoplasms transmission at 85% 65% and 55%, respectively. The optimal LP for 100% phytoplasma transmission was 21 days for adult insects and 28 days for 5th instar nymph insects. This study can be used to test the insect transmission efficiency for screening sugarcane cultivars for resistance to sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma disease.
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References
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