Influence of grape pomace powder as a feed supplement on feed intake, digestibility and rumen ecology of dairy steers
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Four rumen fistulated dairy steers with initial body weight of 220 ± 15 kg were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to examine the effect of dietary supplementation with grape pomace powder (GPP) levels on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristic. The four dietary treatments were GPP supplementation at 0, 2, 4 and 6 % of dry matter intake (DMI), respectively. The concentrate diets offered to steers at 0.5 % body weight and 3% urea-treated rice straw (UTRS) was fed ad libitum as roughage source. Results revealed that UTRS intakes was unchanged (P>0.05) by GPP supplementation, while total dry matter intakes were significantly higher than those in control groups (P<0.05). Moreover, DM digestibility tended to be increased (P=0.07). Ruminal temperature, pH, and NH3-N were similar among treatments (P>0.05) while BUN tended to be decreased (P=0.07). Based on this study it could be concluded that grape pomace powder is potential to be used as an alternative feed supplement in the concentrate diet which resulted in improved digestibility and maintained rumen ecology. Keywords: Grape pomace powder, nutrient digestibility, rumen ecology, dairy steers
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