Effect of Chicken Manure and Organic Wastes from Cassava Starch Manufacturing Plant on Cassava Grown on Dan Khun Thot Soil
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The experiment was carried out in a farmer field at Ban Sapphlu Noi, Huay Bong subdistrict, Dan Khun Thot district, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand on Dan Khun Thot soil (Typic Paleustult) between 2013 and 2014. The objectives were to investigate the effect of chicken manure, cassava starch waste, tails and stalk used as soil amendment on yield and plant components of cassava, Huay Bong 80 variety, and chemical property of soil after growing for one crop. Experimental design employed in this study was split plot in randomized complete block with three replications. Main plot consisted of no soil amendment application, (T1), the applications of cassava starch waste at the rate of 6.25 t/ha (T2), cassava tails and stalk at the rate of 6.25 t/ha (T3), chicken manure at the rate of 6.25 t/ha (T4), T2++chicken manure at the rate of 3.125 t/ha (T5), T3++chicken manure at ten rate of 3.125 t/ha (T6), T2+chicken manure at the rate of 6.25 t/ha (T7), and T3++chicken manure at the rate of 6.25 t/ha (T8). All soil organic amendments were incorporated into the soil before planting. Sub plot comprised two rates of complete chemical fertilizer (15-15-15), 312.5 and 625 kg/ha. Cassava was harvested at ten months of age. Soil organic amendment had more effect on fresh root yield and plant components of cassava than did rates of fertilizer (15-15-15) applied. The applications of cassava tails and stalk and chicken manure, and cassava starch waste and chicken manure all at the rate of 6.25 t/ha significantly promoted the greatest amounts of cassava fresh root yield, starch yield, above ground biomass, and starch content. The fresh root yields obtained were 33.94 and 33.61 t/ha, respectively. The combination between incorporating cassava tails and stalk and chicken manure both at the rate of 6.25 t/ha into the soil before planting and the application of chemical fertilizer at the rate of 625 kg/ha gave the highest cassava fresh root yield and starch yield but barely different from the use of the same soil organic amendment with half of the chemical fertilizer applied. The use of cassava tails and stalk and chicken manure, and the application of cassava starch waste and chicken manure all at the rate of 6.25 t/ha had no effect on soil pH, extractable potassium and CEC of soil after one crop but resulted in higher amounts of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, extractable calcium and extractable magnesium remained in the soil.
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