Some biochemical changes of early germinated Arabica coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.) after treated by brassin-like substance
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ธ.ค. 26, 2016
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Effect of Brassin-like substance on chemical compositions of Arabica coffee seeds was studied during early germination. The substance has played an important role in promoting seed germination and chemical composi-tion during germination. In this study, coffee seeds were soaked in four Brassin-like substance (BS) concentrations 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L for 24 hours before germination test. Total sugars, protein and fat contents were determined at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days after soaking. The study was conducted as 4 × 5 factorial in completely randomized design: CRD. The results revealed that BS application significantly effected on nutritional quality during early germination. Total sugars reached the highest amount at day 8 when soaked in 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L BS. As for protein content, coffee seeds in every treatment showed the greatest amount at day 4 of germination especially, of coffee seeds for ones soaked in 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L BS. Fat content gradually increased upon the first 4 days of germination. Coffee seeds in 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L BS showed higher fat content than the seeds soaked in 0 and 0.5 mg/L BS. Therefore, BS application could be a promising alternative regulator for enhancing coffee seed quality during early germination.
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References
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Borem, F.M., E.R. Marques, and E. Alves. 2008. Ultrastructural analysis of drying damage in parchment Arabica Coffee endosperm cells. Biosyst. Eng. 99: 62-66.
Clouse, S.D., and J.M. Sasse. 1998. Brassinosteroids: essential regulators of plant growth and development. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 427-451.
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El-Adawy, T.A., E.H. Rahma, A.A. El-Bedawey, and A.E. El-Beltagy. 2003. Nutritional potential and functional properties of germinated mung bean, pea and lentil seeds. Plant. Food Hum. Nutr. 58: 1-13.
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Ghavidel, R.A., and J. Prakash. 2007. The impact of germination and dehulling on nutrients, antinutrients, in vitro iron and calcium bioavailability and in vitro starch and protein digestibility of some legume seeds. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 40: 1292-1299.
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Gulewicz, P., C. Martinez-Villaluenga, J. Frias, D. Ciesiołka, K. Gulewicz, and C. Vidal-Valverde. 2008. Effect of germination on the protein fraction composition of different lupin seeds. Food Chem. 107: 830-844.
Hahm, T., S. Park, and Y.M. Lo. 2008. Effects of germination on chemical composition and functional properties of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds. Bioresour. Technol. 100: 1643-1647.
James, C.S. 1995. Analytical chemistry of food. Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Land use, Department of Agriculture and Food studies, University of Polymouth, UK. 1: 96-97.
Jolanta, B.K., M. Dziurka, A. Ostrowska, M. Mirek, J. Koscielniak, and A. Janeczko. 2014. Brassinosteroid improves content of antioxidants in seeds of selected leguminous plants. Aust. J. Crop. Sci. 8: 378-388.
Kalinich, J.F., N.B. Mandava, and J.A. Todhunter. 1986. Relationship of nucleic acid metabolism to brassinolide-induced responses in beans. J. Plant Physiol. 125: 345-353.
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Leubner-Metzger, G. 2003. Functions and regulation of ß-1,3-glucanase during seed germination, dormancy release and after-ripening. Seed Sci. Res. 13: 17-34.
Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr, and R.J. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193: 265-275.
Maillard, L.C. 1912. Acrion des acides amines sur les sucres; formation des melanoidines par voie methodique. Comptes Rendus de l’Academie des Sciences. 154: 66-68.
Marcone, N.F. 2004. Composition and properties of Indonesia palm civet coffee (Kopi Luwak) and Ethipian civet coffee. Food Res. Int. 37: 901-912.
Montavon, P., A.F. Mauron, and E. Duruz. 2003. Changes in green coffee protein profiles during roasting. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51: 2335-2343.
Mostafa, M.M., E.H. Rahma, and A.H. Redy. 1987. Chemical and nutritional changes in soybean during germination. Food Chem. 23:257- 275.
Office of Agricultural Economics. 2015. Thailand foreign agriculture trade statistics 2015. Available: http://goo.gl/f0DJJP. Accessed Apr. 29, 2016.
Pankasemsuk, T. 2007. Jumbo longan. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University. Chiang Mai, Thailand. Praphutphitthaya, P., and T. Pankasemsuk. 2012. Effect of brassin-like substance on fruit size of arabica coffee. CMU J. Nat. Sci. 11: 89-95.
Rogers, W.J., S. Michaux, M. Bastin, and P. Bucheli. 1999. Changes to the content of sugars, sugar alcohols, myo-inositol, carboxylic acids and inorganic anions in developing grains from different varieties of robusta (Coffea canephora) and arabica (C. arabica) coffees. Plant Sci. 149: 115-123.
Rumiyati, R., A.P. James, and V. Jayasena. 2012. Effect of Germination on the Nutritional and Protein Profile of Australian Sweet Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.). Food Nutr. Sci. 3: 621-626.
Sangronis, V.E., and C.J. Machado. 2007. Influence of germination on the nutritional quality of Phaseolus vulgaris and Cajanus cajan. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 40: 116-120.
Sangronis, V.E., M. Rodriguez, R. Cava, and A. Torres. 2006. Protein quality of germinated Phaseolus vulgaris. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 222: 144-148.
Satyanarayana, B., P.S. Devi, and A. Arundhati. 2011. Biochemical changes during seed germination of Sterculia urens Roxb. Not. Sci. Biol. 3: 105-108.
Serna, M., F. Hernandez, F. Coll, Y. Coll, and A. Amoros. 2012. Effects of brassinosteroid analogues on total phenols, antioxidant activity, sugars, organic acids and yield of field grown endive (Cichorium endiviaL.). J. Sci. Food Agr. 93: 1765-1771.
Srivastava, K., N. Raghava, Shagun, and R.P. Raghava. 2011. Brassinosteroids stimulate seed germination parameters and chlorophyll content in moongbean. Indian J. Sci. Res. 2: 89-92.
Stephanucci, A., W.P. Clinton, M. Hamel, J.L. Kirk, and D.F. Othmer. 1979. Encyc. Chem. Technol. 6: 511-512.
Trachoo, N., C. Boudreaux, A, Moongngarm, S. Samappito, and R. Gaensakoo. 2006. Effect of germinated rough rice media on growth of selected probiotic bactaria. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 9: 2657-2661.
Vaast, P., B. Bertrand, J.J. Perriot, B. Guyot, and M. Genard. 2006. Fruit thinning and shade influence bean characteristics and beverage quality of C. arabica in optimal conditions. J. Food and Agric. Sci. 86: 197-204.
Valio, I.F.M. 1976. Germination of coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L. cv. Mundo Novo). J. Exp. Bot. 27: 983-991.
Vardhini, B.V., E. Sujatha, and S.S.R Rao. 2012. Influence of brassinosteroids on metabolites of Raphanus sativus L. J. Phytol. 4: 45-47.
Vidal-Valverde, C., J. Frias, I. Sierra, I. Blazquez, F. Lambein, and Y. Kuo. 2002. New functional legume foods by germination: effect on the nutritive value of beans, lentils and peas. EUR Food Res. Technol. 215: 472-477.
Wang, J., Y. Li, S.W. Lo, S. Hillmer, S.S.M. Sun, D.G. Robinson, and L. Jiang. 2007. Protein Mobilization in Germinating Mung Bean Seeds Involves Vacuolar Sorting Receptors and Multivesicular Bodies. Plant Physiol. 143: 1628-1639.
Wolfrom, M.L., and D.L. Patin. 1964. Isolation and characterization of cellulose in the coffee bean. J. Agr. Food Chem. 12: 376-377.
Xi, Y., D. Chen, L. Sun, Y. Li, and L. Li. 2013. Characterization of zebrafish mutants with defects in bone calcification during development. Biochem. Bioph. Res. Co. 440: 132-136.
Yeretziana, C., A. Jordan, and W. Lindinger. 2003. Analysing the headspace of coffee by proton-transfer-reaction mass-spectrometry. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 223-224: 115-139.
Yokota, T., T. Matsuoka, T. Koarai, and M. Nakayama. 1996. 2-Deoxybrassinolide, a brassinosteroid from Pisum sativum seed. Phytochem. 42: 509-511.
Zheng, C., D. Jiang, F. Liu, X. Li, W. Liu, Q. Jing, and W. Cao. 2009. Exogenous nitric oxide improves seed germination in wheat against mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by high salinity. Environ. Exp. Bot. 67: 222-227.
Arnold, U., and E. Ludwig. 1996. Analysis of free amino acids in green coffee beans II. changes of the amino acid content in arabica coffees in connection with post-harvest model treatment. Z Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 203: 379-384.
Banks, M., C. McFadden, and C. Atkinson. 1999. The World Encyclopaedia of Coffee. Anness Publishing Limited, London.
Bewley, J.D., and M. Black. 1982. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Seeds, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Bewley, J.D., and M. Black. 1994. Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Plenum Press, New York.
Borem, F.M., E.R. Marques, and E. Alves. 2008. Ultrastructural analysis of drying damage in parchment Arabica Coffee endosperm cells. Biosyst. Eng. 99: 62-66.
Clouse, S.D., and J.M. Sasse. 1998. Brassinosteroids: essential regulators of plant growth and development. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 427-451.
Da Silva, E.A., P.E. Toorop, A.C. Van Aelst, and H.W.M. Hilhorst. 2004. Abscisic acid controls embryo growth potential and endosperm cap weakening during coffee (Coffea arabica L. cv. Rubi) seed germination. Planta. 220: 251-261.
El-Adawy, T.A., E.H. Rahma, A.A. El-Bedawey, and A.E. El-Beltagy. 2003. Nutritional potential and functional properties of germinated mung bean, pea and lentil seeds. Plant. Food Hum. Nutr. 58: 1-13.
Farah, A. 2012. Coffee Constituents. p. 21-58. In: Y.F. Chu. Coffee: Emerging Health Effects and Disease Prevention (ed), Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
Flament, I., F. Gautschi, M. Winter, B. Willhalm, and M. Stoll. 1968. Les composants furanniques de l’arome cafe: quelques aspects chimiques et spectroscopiques. p. 197-215. In: Proceeding of 3rdColl. Int. Coffee Sci. ASIC, Paris.
Folstar, P. 1985. Lipids. p. 203-222. In: R.J. Clarke and R. Macrae. Coffee, Chemistry, Vol. 1. Elsevier Applied Science, London.
Ghavidel, R.A., and J. Prakash. 2007. The impact of germination and dehulling on nutrients, antinutrients, in vitro iron and calcium bioavailability and in vitro starch and protein digestibility of some legume seeds. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 40: 1292-1299.
Grosch, W. 2001. Chemistry III: Volatile compounds. p. 68-89. In: R.J. Clarke and O.G. Vitzthum (eds.). Coffee: Recent Developments. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
Gulewicz, P., C. Martinez-Villaluenga, J. Frias, D. Ciesiołka, K. Gulewicz, and C. Vidal-Valverde. 2008. Effect of germination on the protein fraction composition of different lupin seeds. Food Chem. 107: 830-844.
Hahm, T., S. Park, and Y.M. Lo. 2008. Effects of germination on chemical composition and functional properties of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds. Bioresour. Technol. 100: 1643-1647.
James, C.S. 1995. Analytical chemistry of food. Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Land use, Department of Agriculture and Food studies, University of Polymouth, UK. 1: 96-97.
Jolanta, B.K., M. Dziurka, A. Ostrowska, M. Mirek, J. Koscielniak, and A. Janeczko. 2014. Brassinosteroid improves content of antioxidants in seeds of selected leguminous plants. Aust. J. Crop. Sci. 8: 378-388.
Kalinich, J.F., N.B. Mandava, and J.A. Todhunter. 1986. Relationship of nucleic acid metabolism to brassinolide-induced responses in beans. J. Plant Physiol. 125: 345-353.
Kolling-Speer, L., and K. Speer. 2005. The Raw Seed composition. p. 148-178. In: A. Illy and R. Viani. Espresso Coffee:The Science of Quality. Elsevier Academic Press. Italy. Leubner-Metzger, G. 2001. Brassinosteroids and gibberellins promote tobacco seed germination by distinct pathways. Planta. 213: 758-763.
Leubner-Metzger, G. 2003. Functions and regulation of ß-1,3-glucanase during seed germination, dormancy release and after-ripening. Seed Sci. Res. 13: 17-34.
Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr, and R.J. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193: 265-275.
Maillard, L.C. 1912. Acrion des acides amines sur les sucres; formation des melanoidines par voie methodique. Comptes Rendus de l’Academie des Sciences. 154: 66-68.
Marcone, N.F. 2004. Composition and properties of Indonesia palm civet coffee (Kopi Luwak) and Ethipian civet coffee. Food Res. Int. 37: 901-912.
Montavon, P., A.F. Mauron, and E. Duruz. 2003. Changes in green coffee protein profiles during roasting. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51: 2335-2343.
Mostafa, M.M., E.H. Rahma, and A.H. Redy. 1987. Chemical and nutritional changes in soybean during germination. Food Chem. 23:257- 275.
Office of Agricultural Economics. 2015. Thailand foreign agriculture trade statistics 2015. Available: http://goo.gl/f0DJJP. Accessed Apr. 29, 2016.
Pankasemsuk, T. 2007. Jumbo longan. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University. Chiang Mai, Thailand. Praphutphitthaya, P., and T. Pankasemsuk. 2012. Effect of brassin-like substance on fruit size of arabica coffee. CMU J. Nat. Sci. 11: 89-95.
Rogers, W.J., S. Michaux, M. Bastin, and P. Bucheli. 1999. Changes to the content of sugars, sugar alcohols, myo-inositol, carboxylic acids and inorganic anions in developing grains from different varieties of robusta (Coffea canephora) and arabica (C. arabica) coffees. Plant Sci. 149: 115-123.
Rumiyati, R., A.P. James, and V. Jayasena. 2012. Effect of Germination on the Nutritional and Protein Profile of Australian Sweet Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.). Food Nutr. Sci. 3: 621-626.
Sangronis, V.E., and C.J. Machado. 2007. Influence of germination on the nutritional quality of Phaseolus vulgaris and Cajanus cajan. LWT-Food Sci. Technol. 40: 116-120.
Sangronis, V.E., M. Rodriguez, R. Cava, and A. Torres. 2006. Protein quality of germinated Phaseolus vulgaris. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 222: 144-148.
Satyanarayana, B., P.S. Devi, and A. Arundhati. 2011. Biochemical changes during seed germination of Sterculia urens Roxb. Not. Sci. Biol. 3: 105-108.
Serna, M., F. Hernandez, F. Coll, Y. Coll, and A. Amoros. 2012. Effects of brassinosteroid analogues on total phenols, antioxidant activity, sugars, organic acids and yield of field grown endive (Cichorium endiviaL.). J. Sci. Food Agr. 93: 1765-1771.
Srivastava, K., N. Raghava, Shagun, and R.P. Raghava. 2011. Brassinosteroids stimulate seed germination parameters and chlorophyll content in moongbean. Indian J. Sci. Res. 2: 89-92.
Stephanucci, A., W.P. Clinton, M. Hamel, J.L. Kirk, and D.F. Othmer. 1979. Encyc. Chem. Technol. 6: 511-512.
Trachoo, N., C. Boudreaux, A, Moongngarm, S. Samappito, and R. Gaensakoo. 2006. Effect of germinated rough rice media on growth of selected probiotic bactaria. Pak. J. Biol. Sci. 9: 2657-2661.
Vaast, P., B. Bertrand, J.J. Perriot, B. Guyot, and M. Genard. 2006. Fruit thinning and shade influence bean characteristics and beverage quality of C. arabica in optimal conditions. J. Food and Agric. Sci. 86: 197-204.
Valio, I.F.M. 1976. Germination of coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L. cv. Mundo Novo). J. Exp. Bot. 27: 983-991.
Vardhini, B.V., E. Sujatha, and S.S.R Rao. 2012. Influence of brassinosteroids on metabolites of Raphanus sativus L. J. Phytol. 4: 45-47.
Vidal-Valverde, C., J. Frias, I. Sierra, I. Blazquez, F. Lambein, and Y. Kuo. 2002. New functional legume foods by germination: effect on the nutritive value of beans, lentils and peas. EUR Food Res. Technol. 215: 472-477.
Wang, J., Y. Li, S.W. Lo, S. Hillmer, S.S.M. Sun, D.G. Robinson, and L. Jiang. 2007. Protein Mobilization in Germinating Mung Bean Seeds Involves Vacuolar Sorting Receptors and Multivesicular Bodies. Plant Physiol. 143: 1628-1639.
Wolfrom, M.L., and D.L. Patin. 1964. Isolation and characterization of cellulose in the coffee bean. J. Agr. Food Chem. 12: 376-377.
Xi, Y., D. Chen, L. Sun, Y. Li, and L. Li. 2013. Characterization of zebrafish mutants with defects in bone calcification during development. Biochem. Bioph. Res. Co. 440: 132-136.
Yeretziana, C., A. Jordan, and W. Lindinger. 2003. Analysing the headspace of coffee by proton-transfer-reaction mass-spectrometry. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 223-224: 115-139.
Yokota, T., T. Matsuoka, T. Koarai, and M. Nakayama. 1996. 2-Deoxybrassinolide, a brassinosteroid from Pisum sativum seed. Phytochem. 42: 509-511.
Zheng, C., D. Jiang, F. Liu, X. Li, W. Liu, Q. Jing, and W. Cao. 2009. Exogenous nitric oxide improves seed germination in wheat against mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by high salinity. Environ. Exp. Bot. 67: 222-227.