Using molecular marker assisted selection and aroma sensory test for Breeding non-glutinous, photoperiod insensitive purple rice for aroma

Abstract

The demand of health-conscious consumers to consume purple rice is increasing due to the benefit to human health by reducing the risk of several serious diseases. However, the available purple rice varieties are mostly photo sensitive with low grain yield and quality. This study aimed to select for non-glutinous purple rice, photoperiod insensitive, high yield and aroma characteristics by evaluation of F₁ and used molecular marker assisted selection for aroma in F₂ before sensory testing was applied in F₃ generation. The study was carried out in population derived from a cross between advanced line of semi-dwarf, photoperiod insensitive, non-glutinous purple rice (KDK-10) and semi-dwarf, photoperiod insensitive white fragrant Pathum Thani 1 (PTT1) variety. Evaluation of F₁ hybrids found that the hybrid had the same height as parents, flowering at 109 days, number of tillers and panicles per plant and 1000 grain weight less than the parents. Grain yield of the F₁ was the same as KDK-10, but less than PTT1. In F₂ population, pericarp color was segregating into black and white color at 9:7 ratio. Plants with black pericarp were selected and analyzed DNA by using functional marker which located in gene controlling aroma (BADH2). Twenty-three F₂ plants with PTT1 allele type were found and selected and represented F₃ families. The F₃ families were sown, 5 plants per family. At maturity, each plant within family was inspected for pericarp color. Families with all plants having black pericarp were further tested for aroma by sensory testing. Aroma of each plant was tested and compared with female (KDK-10, non-aromatic, score 0) male (PTT1, moderately aromatic, score 1) and standard aroma variety (KDML 105, aromatic, score 2). Eleven plants with average aroma score higher than 1, between
1.1-1.8, were selected. The selected F₃ plants were flowering between 95-101 days.