Genetic of some agronomic characters in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Abstract

Using hybrid variety is an alternative to increase crop yield. Because some hybrid varieties will show high heterosis and will only appear in F1 generation. However, the production cost of hybrid seeds is very high. Possibility of sesame production using F2 seeds will be help to reduce cost of seeds, but the variation due to segregate population will be one of the limiting factor. The objective of this experiment was to study number of gene control some major agronomic traits. Chi-square test (χ2-test) was used to evaluate segregating ratios. The trial was conducted at Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University. Production of F1 hybrid seeds was done in 2003 and gene action of some agronomic traits was studied in F2 generation in 2004. Nine cross i.e. KKU1xMK60, KKU1xKU18, KKU1xMR13, UB1xMR13, UB1xKU18, MR13xMK60, KU18xKKU2, KU18xMR13 and KU18xKKU1 were included in this trial. The results revealed that colored seed coat was dominant over white seed coat, branching was dominant over non-branching, bicarpellate capsule was dominant over tetracarpellate capsule, rought seed coat was dominant over single seed coat. Based on segregation ratio in F2 generation indicated that inheritance of the above agronomic traits were monogenic with 3 : 1. The ratio of 11 : 1: 4 and 9 : 2: 5 confered the epistasis effect of seed color.