Response of grain yield among 3 rice varieties grown at different soil Cd concentrations

Abstract

Consumption of Cd contaminated rice leads to the toxic on human health. This study was to evaluate the response of grain yield in different rice varieties grown under different soil cadmium concentrations. The pot experiment was arranged in 3×4 factorial in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The 3 rice varieties used were Kam Hom CMU, KDML 105 and Sang Yod (Phattalung). Cadmium concentration in the soil was varied into 0 (control), 5, 100 and 200 mg Cd per kg soil. Grain yield of the three varieties was affected by soil cadmium concentration differently. In Sang Yod, grain yield increased 31.88% in 200 mg Cd per kg soil, while it was not affected by Cd concentration at 5 and 100 mg Cd per kg soil compared with the control (no Cd in the soil). In KDML 105, grain yield was not affected by Cd at 5 mg per kg soil, but it was decreased 42.08 and 84.35% when soil Cd concentration increased at 100 and 200 mg Cd per kg soil, respectively. In Kam Hom CMU, grain yield was not affected by soil cadmium concentration. This study indicated the difference responses of grain yield among the 3 rice varieties grown at different soil Cd concentration. Grain yield of Sang Yod was increased, while the reversed response was found in KDML 105 and it was not affected in Kam Hom CMU. The difference responses among these rice varieties will be useful information to further study on physiological mechanism of rice production under different soil Cd concentration as well as the accumulation of Cd in rice grain which could be also useful for the selection of rice varieties as source of genetic material in breeding program for Cd tolerance rice variety.