Molecular genetic approaches to improvement of black-bone chicken for functional food
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Abstract
Black-bone chicken has black skin, bone, muscle and connective tissue due to the mutation in genes and their interaction. This results in the accumulation of melanin higher than general chicken. Bone-breed chicken breeds were recorded in the FAO database DAD-IS with 25 breeds which almost all originated from Southeast Asia and have reported with 6 breeds in Thailand. Also there were high amounts of carnosine and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) include AA, EPA, DPA and DHA. Since the chicken is decoded nucleotide sequence in the whole genome has been achieved and also understating to the physiological metabolism involved in the synthesis process of various substance. Using of molecular genetic technology in breeding support to succeed faster. Currently, candidate gene approaches and genome wide association study are popular to be used because the study of genes directly involved and used the information from SNPs of the whole genome are contribute to accuracy of located the genes and DNA marker. The document reportedly found that the melanin deposition and the important nutrients are controlled by multiple genes where are on both the autosome and the sex chromosomes. As a result of studies on black-bone chicken foreign species and the genetic marker might be highly specific and cannot be applied to other populations. The black-bone chicken in Thailand is still lacking in basic genetic information for the selection and breeding. Therefore, it must to be tested and develop genetic markers that are appropriate to the target population before the actual selection. It will make black-bone chickens that meet the needs of market and as an alternative to respond to the needs of the consumers for function food in the future.
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References
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