Evaluation of suitable diets and a feasibility study of the black soldier fly production at an industrial scale
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Abstract
The utilization of black soldier fly; BSF (Hermetia illucens L.) as an alternative protein to fishmeal or soybean meal in fish, poultry, and pig feeds has been recommended worldwide. In sustainable circular economy, BSF larvae feed on a wide variety of organic wastes in the community and by-products from the agro-industrial manufacturing process then turn bio-wastes into a high-quality protein source proper for animal feed. The objectives of this research were to evaluate suitable diets from local agro-industrial by-products for BSF production as a protein source in animal feed and to test the feasibility of BSF production at an industrial scale. Two experiments were carried out; in the first experiment, completely randomized design was laid out with nine treatments (diets), and five replications. Treatments were 1) a mixture of tofu waste and chicken feed in ratio 1:1, 2) and 3) a mixture of peanut seed coat and fruit waste in ratio 1:1 and 1:2, 4) and 5) a mixture of slaughterhouse waste and fruit waste in ratio 1:1 and 1:2, 6) a mixture of peanut seed coat, fruit waste, slaughterhouse waste and food waste in ratio 1:1:1:1, and 7)-9) a mixture of brewer’s grain and fruit waste in ratio 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1, respectively. All diets tested were able to rear BSF larvae for production as a protein source in animal feed with crude protein ranging from 44.55-56.64%. Treatment diet 6 was the most suitable diet in terms of larval growth, prepupal weight and yield, survival rate, feed consumed, feed conversion ratio, and feed cost. The large-scale production was evaluated in the second experiment, a release of 25,000 5-day-old larvae/container using diet treatment 6 from the first experiment yielded an average of 4.15 ± 0.15 kg prepupae. This large-scale optimization made the production cost cheaper than that of the laboratory
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