Effects of artificial pollen diet supplementation on the production and nutrition of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) larvae
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Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of artificial pollen diet supplementation on bee larvae production efficiency as alternative protein food. The dietary supplement contains 4 main protein ingredients including skim milk, yeast cell, soy flour, egg and then together mixed with 30.0% sugar, minerals, and vitamins to provide the nutrition value of 16.0% protein. This diet (T2) was supplemented continuously for honeybees in a standard 8-frame hive with an average number of 4,000 bees for 30 days compared with the control that did not receive supplementation (T1) and commercial diet (T3). The results of the experiment found that the bee was fed with an artificial pollen diet (T2) had an average of 7.89±1.52% increase in the worker bee population while the control group (T1) and the commercial diet supplement (T3) had the mean worker bee population decreased to 15.77±3.89 and 22.45±6.41%, respectively. Nutritional analysis of honey bee larvae revealed that the proportion consumed was more than 90%, with an average protein content of 40%. Essential amino acids such as Threonine (1.27±0.01%), Valine (1.67±0.01%), Phenylalanine (1.05±0.01%) and Arginine (0.31±0.01%) were relatively high, while Aspartic acid (0.58±0.01%), Isoleucine (0.85±0.01%) and Arginine (0.31±0.01%) were relatively low. In addition, bee larvae have a relatively high fat content, averaging 29.83%. Therefore, beekeeping by providing appropriate nutritional supplements can be used to increase the efficiency of raising bee larvae, especially in areas or seasons where there is a shortage of honey bee feed.
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