Effect of dietary beta-carotene restriction on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and lipogenic genes expression in Wagyu crossbred cattle
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Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of limiting dietary beta-carotene intake in feedlot steers on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and gene expression in three Wagyu crossbreds steer (6 Wagyu x Kamphaeng Saen (WK), 6 Wagyu x Brahman (WB), and 6 Wagyu x Holstein-Friesian (WH)). Eighteen steers (at 21 months of initial age, 466.22±38.21 kg of initial weight) were randomly assigned to either beta-carotene restriction diet (D1) or normal beta-carotene levels (D2) using a 3×2 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. At 26 months of age, steers were slaughtered and an analysis was conducted on meat samples and liver tissue. There was no interaction between breed and diet on carcass characteristics, meat quality, or expression of LPL, ADH1C, and RALDH1 genes (P>0.05). However, there was an interaction between breed and diet on PPARγ expression (P<0.05). WK steers fed the D1 diet showed higher expression of the PPARγ gene. Based on breed variables, the WH group had the lowest shear force (28.4N) and the greatest expression of the RALDH1 gene (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation (r=0.620, P<0.01) between RALDH1 and the percentage of intramuscular fat. Steers fed the D1 diet showed lower expression of LPL and ADH1C gene (P<0.05). The results indicated that restricting beta-carotene in the diet throughout the fattening stage affected the expression of several lipogenic genes as well as intramuscular fat accumulation in Wagyu crossbred steers.
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