Effect of cold plasma on germination and controlling of seed-borne fungi in ceylon spinach seed
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Abstract
Basella alba (Ceylon spinach) is a native vegetable with high nutritional value. However, its seeds often show irregular germination and seed-borne fungal contamination, which negatively affects seed quality. Cold plasma treatment has been shown to improve seed germination and reduce seed-borne fungal contamination in various plants. This study examined the effects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma on seed quality and seed- borne fungal inhibition in Basella alba seeds. Seeds of ceylon spinach variety BA008 were treated with DBD cold plasma for 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Seed quality was evaluated by germination tests, and fungal incidence was assessed using the blotter test. The results indicated that DBD cold plasma treatment for 5, 10, and 15 minutes increased the germination percentage of ceylon spinach seeds to 93.33%, 93.33%, and 88.00%, respectively, compared to 85.33% in the control. The 20-minute DBD cold plasma treatment did not show a significant difference from the control. Germination index of DBD clod plasma treated seeds for 5, 10, and 15 minutes were non-significantly different, but it was higher than the control and the 20-minutes-treated seeds. Mean germination time did not significantly differ among treatments, ranging from 7.50 to 8.06 days. Disease incidence decreased as plasma exposure time increased, with the values of 86.67%, 86.67%, 73.33%, 60.00%, and 53.33% for control and DBD cold plasma treatments at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes, respectively. DBD cold plasma treatment for 15 minutes stimulated the germination of ceylon spinach seeds, and it was the most suitable method as it effectively enhances germination and inhibits the growth of seed-borne fungi.
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