Effects of Biochar Amendment on Soil Properties and Carbon Sequestration in Highland Areas of Pang Mapha District, Mae Hong Son Province
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Abstract
The effect of biochar amendment on soil properties and carbon sequestration were evaluated using soil samples which were collected from Pang Mapha district, Mae Hong Son province. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University. This study was divided into two experiments, using completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications. Firstly, the effects of biochar amendment on soil properties were evaluated. Three different sizes of biochar (2-5, 1-2 and < 1 mm) were mixed with soil sample at the rates of 0.1, 1.0 and 3.0% (w/w). Soil moisture content were adjusted to the maximum water holding capacity (MWHC), then left to dry at room temperature. After that soil properties were analyzed. For the second experiment, effects of biochar on soil carbon sequestration were determined by mixing different rates of biochar with soil sample. The soil moisture content were maintained at 50% MWHC and then incubated at room temperature. After incubation, soil carbon content was analyzed. In addition, soil added with corn stubble (2 tons/rai) and soil without biochar were used for comparison. The results showed that addition of biochar >1.0% (w/w) reduced soil bulk density while MWHC, pH, EC, OM, available phosphorus and exchange potassium were significantly increased. In addition, carbon loss was found in the range of 0.16-0.26% with biochar treatment. However, it was not significantly different when compared to the control soil (0.17%). In contrast to the biochar treatments, corn stubble treatment showed significantly higher carbon loss (0.44%) than other treatments. These results suggested that biochar application as soil amendment was an alternative way to increase soil fertility and could lead to increased carbon sequestration in soil, 45% of carbon were captured.
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