Evaluation of leaf mustard hybrid for processing
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Abstract
Leaf mustard is popularly used for processing into pickled mustard greens. The Thai industrial demand for leaf mustard to be used as raw material for such processing is about 15,000 tons per year. However, the leaf mustard commonly grown in Thailand has an overly large head size making it necessary to trim off 55% of the outer leaves and wrapped leaves to get the suitable head size for processing (250-350 grams/head). The objective of this research was to evaluate leaf mustard hybrids for factory processing. A total of nineteen leaf mustards of hybrids and commercial varieties were planted using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications (64 plants per replication). The results revealed that all leaf mustards showed an average yield weight of 1,991-3,456 kg/rai. The H17 had a high average yield weight of 3,456 kg/rai but its head is still larger than the standard after trimming for processing. Meanwhile, H4 showed a yield weight of 2,494 kg/rai which is not significantly different from the commercial varieties and some hybrids. However, it has the head after trimming with 344 grams in weight, 7.68 centimeters in length, and 7.91 centimeters in width, which is suitable for processing. Moreover, it has a small trimming loss at 38.47 %, and a good head solidity of 1.36 g/cm3 that will provide good-quality pickled mustard from the processing. Thus, it can be concluded that the H4 is a good alternative to replace the commercial varieties that the processing businesses have promoted farmers to grow. This is because the H4 shows a high yield comparable to those of the commercial varieties and the tendency to give the right head weight after trimming, have a low percentage of trimming loss, as well as good head solidity and head size for pickling.
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