การเพิ่มผลผลิตและการสะสมธาตุสังกะสีในเมล็ดข้าวโดยการจัดการปุ๋ยสังกะสี ในพันธุ์ข้าวนาสวนและข้าวไร่
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การทดลองนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อประเมินผลของกรรมวิธีในการจัดการปุ๋ยสังกะสีที่แตกต่างกันต่อผลผลิตและการสะสมสังกะสีในเมล็ดข้าวนาสวน (พันธุ์ชัยนาท 1) และข้าวไร่ (พันธุ์ก่ำหอม มช.) โดยการจัดการปุ๋ย 4 รูปแบบ คือ (1) ใส่ตามที่เกษตรกรใช้ (control) (2) ใส่ปุ๋ยสังกะสี (Zn) เพิ่มจากการจัดการแบบที่ 1 (3) ใส่ปุ๋ยไนโตรเจน (N) ฟอสฟอรัส (P) และโพแทสเซียม (K) เพิ่มจากอัตราที่ใส่แบบที่ 1 และ (4) ใส่ปุ๋ยไนโตรเจน (N) ฟอสฟอรัส (P) และโพแทสเซียม (K) และสังกะสี (Zn) เพิ่มจากการจัดการแบบที่ 1 โดยใส่ปุ๋ย 2 วิธี คือ (1) ใส่ทางดิน และ (2) ฉีดพ่นทางใบ ผลการทดลองพบว่า การจัดการปุ๋ย N-P-K-Zn แบบใส่ทางดินส่งผลให้ผลผลิตเมล็ดข้าวเพิ่มขึ้นมากที่สุด 38.9% ข้าวกล้องพันธุ์ก่ำหอม มช. เมื่อใส่ปุ๋ยด้วยกรรมวิธี Zn, N-P-K และ N-P-K-Zn ทางดินหรือทางพ่นทางใบมีความเข้มข้นสังกะสีเพิ่มขึ้นเฉลี่ย 27.8% ส่วนข้าวกล้องพันธุ์ชัยนาท 1 เมื่อใส่ปุ๋ย N-P-K และ N-P-K-Zn ทางดินมีความเข้มข้นสังกะสีเพิ่มขึ้นเฉลี่ย 23.3% เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับกรรมวิธีใส่ปุ๋ยแบบควบคุม (control) พบความสัมพันธ์เชิงบวกระหว่างผลผลิตและความเข้มข้นสังกะสีในเมล็ดข้าวพันธุ์ชัยนาท 1 (r = 0.78, p< 0.05) แต่ไม่พบความสัมพันธ์ดังกล่าวในพันธุ์ก่ำหอม มช. การศึกษานี้บ่งชี้ว่า พันธุ์ข้าวนาสวนและข้าวไร่ตอบสนองต่อกรรมวิธีการจัดการปุ๋ยที่แตกต่างกันในการสะสมธาตุสังกะสีในข้าวกล้อง ทั้งนี้สามารถนำข้อมูลไปใช้ในการจัดการปุ๋ยสังกะสีเพื่อเพิ่มผลผลิตและปริมาณความเข้มข้นสังกะสีในข้าว โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในส่วนของข้าวกล้อง ซึ่งเป็นประโยชน์โดยตรงต่อผู้บริโภคข้าวและเป็นแนวทางให้เกษตรกรในการเลือกกรรมวิธีการใช้ปุ๋ยอย่างเหมาะสมสำหรับข้าวแต่ละสายพันธุ์ต่อไป
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