Effect of herbal plant extracts on growth and productivity of Thai hybrid silkworms (Bombyx mori L.)
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Abstract
Herbal plant extracts were selected to evaluate the effectiveness on growth and productivity of Thai hybrid silkworm. Eight herbal plant species, garlic (Allium sativum L.), basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.), onions (A. cepa L.), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.), galangal (Alpinia galanga L.), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), and bergamot (Citrus hystrix DC) were extracted with water. The 10% (w/v) concentration of the extracts were sprayed on mulberry leaves then fed to the 3rd instar larvae silkworm and kept rearing until the worm entering pupa stage. The experimental treatments were subjected to completely randomized design (CRD). The results showed that silkworms treated with basil, galanga, ginger, and turmeric extracts had a shorter period of the larval stage than other methods (18-19 days). Besides, the worms treated with turmeric extract showed the highest cocoon percentage (18.19%), which was similar and non-statistically different (P> 0.05) to galanga extract (17.74%). Galanga and turmeric were extracted with either water or ethyl alcohol (70%) at concentration of 5, 10, and 15% (w/v). With water extraction, fresh cocoon weight was higher at 5% (w/v) concentration with 0.8680 g and 0.8719 g of galanga and turmeric extracts, respectively. However, cocoon shell percentage had increased as 20.58% and 18.43%, respectively, at 15% (w/v) concentration. Moreover, galanga and turmeric extracts gave the highest cocoon shell percentage as 16.68% and 15.83%, respectively, with 5% (w/v) ethyl alcohol. Furthermore, the fresh cocoon weights were no statistically different (P>0.05) among all treatments. This study concluded that the galanga and turmeric extracts from water at a concentration of 15% (w/v) and from ethyl alcohol 70% (w/v) at a concentration of 5% (w/v) were suitable for future use as a guideline for managing silkworm growth and production.
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References
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