Effect of nitrogen levels on growth performance, carotenoid accumulation and isomerization to 9-cis ß-carotene in Thai Dunaliella sp. NUAC09
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Abstract
Dunaliella is an important green microalga for the production of natural ß-carotene pigments, which are the economically important substance and high effective radical scavenging capacity. Hence, there are several applications of these pigments in various industries such as nutritional supplements, pharmaceutics and cosmetics. This study was focused on investigating growth performance, accumulations of pigments and cis/trans-ß-carotene isomers ratio of Thai Dunaliella sp. NUAC09 under different nitrogen (KNO3) concentrations (0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/L) in Johnson medium. The results showed that the optimization specific growth rate (0.82 µ/day), cell density (4.38×106 cell/mL) and chlorophyll a content (13.79 µg/mL) occurred in the tested strain cultured at the 2.0 g KNO3/L. While, the maximum total carotenoid content (53.14 µg/mL) was found under the tested strain cultured at the 0.2 g KNO3/L. When determined by HPLC analysis, the highest all-trans ß-carotene and 9-cis ß-carotene were 519.0 ± 84.4 and 328.7 ± 53.9 mg/g DW, respectively, found in a strain cultured at 0.0 g KNO3/L. Overall, our results indicated that nitrogen concentration affected increasing carotenoid and ß-carotene isomer content of Dunaliella sp. NUAC09.
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