Growth rate of sugarcanes under early season drought in Northeastern Thailand late rainy season growing system
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Abstract
In the Northeastern Thailand, sugarcane is largely grown in late rainy season. The sugarcane seedlings in this region are possible to encounter a drought stress at early growth stage, and this severely reduce sugarcane yield. The understanding in crop growth rate (CGR) of sugarcane in each developmental stage would be solved this obstacle. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine CGR under different water regimes for sugarcane planted in late rainy season. Field experiment was conducted at Field Crops Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University. A split plot in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications was used. Main-plots were assigned as irrigated and controlled soil moisture content at 3 levels (Field capacity (FC), ½ available water (AW) and no-water application (rain-fed), and sub-plots were defined as 6 sugarcane cultivars (KK3, UT13, Kps01-12, KKU99-02, KKU99-03, and UT12) with different drought resistance and rooting characteristics. Biomass and CGR were measured at 4 (drought period), 6, 8, 10 (recovery) and 12 months after planting (MAP), and cane yield was collected at 12 MAP. Biomass yield and CGR of six sugarcane cultivars were significant differences. KK3 and UT13 which revealed good performance on cane yield and biomass in drought condition (rain-fed treatment) gave higher CGR values than the 4 remaining cultivars in both drought and recovery periods, and the higher CGR trend were found at recovery stage in ½ AW treatment. Moreover, there was positive relationship between cane yield at harvest and CGR at 4 MAP in rain-fed treatment. For all three water regime treatments, the positive correlation coefficient was existed between cane yield and average CGR in recovery. Thus, the appropriate sugarcane cultivars for late rainy season planting in Northeastern should provide a high CGR for both water deficit and recovery phases.
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References
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