Effects of Holy basil and Duckweed powder supplementation in the semi-free range laying hens diet on egg production performance, egg quality, antioxidant activity and nutritional value of eggs
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study on the effects of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) and duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) powder supplementation in semi-free range system laying hens diet on egg production performance, egg quality, antioxidant capacity and DPPH radical-scavenging activity of egg yolk and the whole boiled egg nutrition value were conducted in the 108 eighteen weeks of age Hy-line brown laying hens. The laying hens were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates of 12 laying hens each in a completely randomized design (CRD). Group 1; the control diet. Group 2 and 3, the supplementation of 0.50% holy basil and 0.50% duckweed in control diet, respectively. The experimental period was 12 weeks. The results showed that feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg weight and egg production had no significantly different (P>0.05). The feed intake of the duckweed powder group was significantly higher than that of holy basil group (P<0.05) but had no different from the control group (P>0.05). The eggshell color, strength and shell thickness, yolk index and haugh unit were not different (P>0.05). The yolk color and the antioxidant capacity of the duckweed powder group were highest (P<0.05). The DPPH radical-scavenging activity of duckweed powder group only was greater than the control group (P<0.05). The crude fat in the boiled egg of the holy basil powder group was lowest (P<0.01). Furthermore, the dry matter in the boiled egg of duckweed powder group was higher than that of the control group but the crude ash was lower (P<0.05). In conclusion, Holy basil supplement 0.50% reduced fat content in boiled eggs, and supplementation of duckweed powder 0.50% increased the color, antioxidant capacity and DPPH radical-scavenging activity of yolk.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
กระทรวงเกษตรและสหกรณ์. 2561. เกษตรอินทรีย์ เล่ม 2 ปศุสัตว์อินทรีย์, (มกษ. 9000 2-2561). สํานักงานมาตรฐานสินค้าเกษตรและอาหารแห่งชาติกระทรวงเกษตรและสหกรณ์, กรุงเทพฯ.
กระทรวงสาธารณสุข. 2562. สมุนไพรในตำรับยาแผนไทยที่ประกาศกำหนดให้เป็นตำรับยาเสพติด ให้โทษประเภท ๕ ที่มีกัญชาปรุงผสมอยู่ที่อนุญาตให้เสพเพื่อรักษาโรค หรือ การศึกษาวิจัยได้ตามแนบท้ายประกาศกระทรวงสาธารณสุข. กรมการแพทย์แผนไทยและการแพทย์ทางเลือก กระทรวงสาธารณสุข, กรุงเทพฯ.
กัญญาณัฐ กิติวงค์ และกรรณิกา แซ่ลิ่ว. 2562. การผลิตและการตลาดไข่ไก่ในประเทศไทย. แก่นเกษตร. 47: 889-894.
จักรกฤษณ์ ทองคํา, ทวีศักดิ์ เตชะเกรียงไกร, รัชนี คงคาฉุยฉาย และริญ เจริญศิริ. 2563. ฤทธิ์ต้านอนุมูลอิสระและปริมาณสารประกอบโพลีฟีนอลในผลิตภัณฑ์อาหารว่างเสริมผงใบหม่อน. วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร. 14: 57-71.
ยุวเรศ เรืองพานิช และสุธาสินี อุดชาชน. 2561. ไข่ไก่ที่ออกแบบให้อุดมด้วยสารต้านอนุมูลอิสระ (Antioxidant-enriched egg). เกษตรอภิรมย์. 24: 14-16.
องค์การสวนพฤกษศาสตร์. 2554. แหนเป็ดใหญ่. แหล่งข้อมูล: http://www.qsbg.org/Database/Botanic_Book%20full%
option/search_detail.asp?botanic_id=1637. ค้นเมื่อ 23 มีนาคม 2563.
อัจฉรา นิยมเดชา และมงคล คงเสน. 2556. เมทาบอลิซึมและคุณประโยชน์ของแคโรทีนอยด์ในการเพิ่มความเข้มสีไข่แดง. วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยนราธิวาสราชนครินทร์. 5: 112-121.
โอภา วัชระคุปต์, ปรีชา บุญจง, จันทนา บุญยะรัตน์ และมาลีรักษ์ อัตต์สินทอง. 2550. สารต้านอนุมูลอิสระ. นิวไทยมิตรการพิมพ์, กรุงเทพฯ.
Adesiji, G. B., I. S. Tyabo, O. Bolarin, M. Ibrahim, and S. T. Baba. 2013. Effects of Climate Change on Poultry Production in Ondo State, Nigeria. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management. 6: 242-248.
Akter, M., S. D. Chowdhury, Y. Akter, and M. A. Khatun. 2011. Effect of duckweed (Lemna minor) meal in the diet of laying hen and their performance. Bangladesh Research Publication Journal. 5: 252-261.
Anderson, K. E., Z. Lowman, A. M. Stomp, and J. Chang. 2011. Duckweed as a feed ingredient in laying hen diets and its effect on egg production and composition. International Journal of Poultry Science. 10: 4-7.
AOAC. 2000. Official Methods of Analysis. 17th Edition. The Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MD.
Belyavin, C. G., and A. G. Marangos. 1987. Natural products for egg yolk pigmentation. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. 7: 239-260.
Bhadauria, P., J. M. Kataria, S. Majumdar, and S. K. Bhanja. 2014. Impact of hot climate on poultry production system-a review. Journal of Poultry Science and Technology. 2: 56-63.
Bonnet, S., P. A. Geraert, M. Lessire, B. Carre, and S. Guillaumin. 1997. Effect of high ambient temperature on feed digestibility in broilers. Poultry Science. 76: 857–863.
Chang, S. S., B. Ostric-Matijasevic, O. A. L. Heish, and C. L. Haung. 1977. Natural antioxidant from rosemary and sage. Journal of Food Science. 42: 1106-1102.
Copur, G., O. Camci, N. Sahinler, and A. Gul. 2008. The effect of propolis egg shell coatings on interior egg quality. European Poultry Science Journal. 72: 35-40.
Fasakin, E. A., A. M. Balogun, and O. A. Fagbenro. 2001. Evaluation of Sun-dried water fern, Azolla africana and duckweed, Spirodela polyrrhiza in practical diets for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Journal of Applied Aquaculture. 11: 83-92.
Grassi, D., G. Desideri, G. Croce, S. Tiberti, A. Aggio, and C. Ferri. 2009. Flavonoids, vascular function and cardiovascular protection. Current Pharmaceutical Design Journal. 15: 1072-1084.
Gulcin, I., E. Kirecci., E. Akkemik, F. Topal, and O. Hisar. 2010. Antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticandidal activities of an aquatic plant: duckweed (Lemna minor L. Lemnaceae). Turkish Journal of Biology. 34: 175-188.
Hakkim, F. L., C. G. Shankar, and S. Girija. 2007. Chemical composition and antioxidant property of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum L.) leaves, stems, and inflorescence and their in vitro callus cultures. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 55: 9117-9109.
Haustetn, A. T., R. H. Gilman, P. W. Skillicorn, V. Vergara, V. Guevara, and A. Gastanaduy. 1990. Duckweed a useful strategy for feeding chickens: performance of layers fed with sewage-grown Lemnacea species. Journal of Poultry Science. 69: 1835-1844.
Hossain, M. J. 1998. Duckweed Production by Using Integrated Farm Waste and Its Utilization as Animal Feed. Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock and BLRI, Bangladesh.
Hsieh, R. J., and J. E. Kinsella. 1989. Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids: Mechanisms, products, and inhibition with emphasis on fish. Journal of Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. 33: 233-341.
Kim, D. O., K. W. Lee, H. J. Lee, and C. H. Lee. 2002. Vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) of phenolic phytochemicals. Journal of Agricultural and food chemistry. 50: 3713-3717.
Kirubakaran, A., D. Narahari, T. E. Valavan, and A. S. Kumar. 2011. Effects of flaxseed, sardines, pearl millet, and holy basil leaves on production traits of layers and fatty acid composition of egg yolks. Poultry Science. 90: 147-156.
Laudadio, V., and V. Tufarelli. 2011. Influence of substituting dietary soybean meal for dehulled-micronized lupin (Lupinus albus cv. Multitalia) on early phase laying hens production and egg quality. Journal of Livestock Science. 140: 184-188.
Moawad, S. A., A. H. El-Ghorab, M. Hassan, H. Nour-Eldin, and M. M. El-Gharabli. 2015. Chemical and microbiological characterization of Egyptian cultivars for some spices and herbs commonly exported abroad. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences. 6: 643-659.
Narahari, D., P. Michealraj, A. Kirubakaran, and T. Sujatha. 2005. Antioxidant, cholesterol reducing, immunomodulating and other health promoting properties of herbal enriched designer eggs, pp.194-201. In Proceedings of the 11th European Symposium on the Quality of Eggs and Egg Products. Doorwerth, Netherlands.
NRC. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Edition. National Academy Press, Washington, D. C.
O’Neill, P. J., J. V. Nolan, and E. Thomson. 1996. Duckweed as an alternative to soybean meal in diets for high-producing layers, pp. 123-127. In Proceeding of Australian Poultry Science Symposium. Sydney, Australian.
Okonkwo, S. and E. O. Ahaotu. 2019. Management of Laying Birds in Deep Litter and Battery Cage Systems In Orlu Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria: A Comparative Study. Journal of Agricultural, Biological and Environmental Sciences. 6: 20-27.
Onyekwere, M. U., S. O. Okechukwu, P. C. Jiwuba, E. B. Onwujiariri, E. O. Ahaotu, and K. U. Anukam. 2016. Effect of dried cocoyam tubers (Colocasia esculenta) meal on growth performance and blood serum mineral profile fed broiler starter, pp. 184-189. In Proceeding of the 21st Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria. Porthacourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Rahman, S., R. Islam, M. Kamruzzaman, K. Alam, and A. M. Jamal. 2011. Ocimum sanctum L. A review of phyto
chemical and pharmacological profile. American Journal of Drug Discovery and Development. 1: 1-15.
Shimada, K., K. Fujikawa, K. Yahara, and T. Nakarura. 1992. Antioxidative properties of xanthan on the autoxidation of soybean oil in cyclodextrin emulsion. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 40: 945-948.
Singh, S., M. Taneja, and D. K. Majumdar. 2007. Biological activities of Ocimum sanctum L. fixed oil – An overview. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 45: 403–412.
Steel, R. G., J. H. Torrie, and D. A. Dickey. 1997. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biological Approach. McGraw-Hill book Co. Inc., New York.
