Effect of using crude glycerol with low methanol content on performance and blood chemistry of nursery pigs
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Crude glycerol with low methanol content, a by-product from biodiesel production, can be used as an alternative source of energy since it is readily absorbed and utilized by nursery pigs. Due to glycerol processes sweet tastes, it could increase palatability in enhance feed intake of nursery pigs. A total of 200 three-way crossbred pigs (LR x LW x D) at 3 weeks of age were divided into 4 dietary treatments including, basal diet with 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 % crude glycerol. Each treatment consisted of 5 replications with 10 pigs per replication, 5 barrow and 5 female pigs. Crude glycerol used in the present experiment contained 84.6 % glycerol and 0.01 % methanol. All pigs were housed with evaporative cooling system and the trial was run for 6 weeks (4-9 weeks of age). There was no significant different in overall growth performance of nursery pigs among dietary treatments (P > 0.05). However, the supplementation of crude glycerol at 5 and 7.5 % in the diets reduced feed palatability, feed intake and ultimately daily metabolizable energy intake of nursery pigs during 7-9 weeks of age (P < 0.05). This led to the significant lower overall feed intake, daily metabolizable energy intake and average dairy gain (4-9 weeks of age; P < 0.05) but reduce feed conversion ratio of nursery pigs. Blood glucose and blood glycerol were not significant difference among dietary treatments (P > 0.05).
Article Details
References
พจน์ ศรีบุญลือ, โสพิศ วงศ์คำ และ พัชรี บุญศิริ.2543. ตำราชีวเคมี. พิมพ์ครั ้งที่ 3. ภาควิชาเคมี คณะแพทยศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยขอนแก่น, ขอนแก่น.
AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analyses, 15th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington, VA.
Brambilla, S.and Hill, F. W. 1966. Comparison of neutral fat and free fatty acids in high lipid low carbohydrates diets for the growing chicken. J .Nutr. 88:84-92.
Carvalho, P. L. O., I. Moreira, E. N. Martins, L. M. Piano, J. B. Toledo, and C. L. C. Filho. 2012. Crude glycerine in diets for piglets. R. Bras. Zootec. 41: 1654-1661.
Groesbeck, C. N., L. J. McKinney, J. M. DeRouchey, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S.S. Dritz, J. L. Nelssen, A. W. Duttlinger, A. C. Fahrenholz, and K. C. Behnke. 2008. Effect of crude glycerol on pellet mill production and nursery pig growth performance. J. Anim. Sci. 86: 2228-2236.
Hansen, C. F., A. Herenandez, B. P. Mullan, K. Moore, M. Trezona-Murry, R. H. King, and J. R. Pluske. 2009. A chemical analysis of samples of crude glycerol from the production of biodiesel in Australia, and the effects of feeding crude glycerol to growing-finishing pigs on performance, plasma metabolites and meat quality at slaughter. Anim. Prod. Sci. 49: 154-161.
Kerr, B. J., M. Honeyman, P. Lammers, and S. Hoyer. 2007. Feeding bioenergy coproducts to swine. Iowa State University Animal Industry Report 2007.
Kerr, B. J., T. E. Weber, W. A. Dozier III, and M. T. Kidd. 2009. Digestible and metabolizable energy content of crude glycerin originating from different sources in nursery pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 87: 4042-4049.
Kijora, C. and R. D. Kupsch. 1996. Evaluation of technical glycerols from “Biodiesel” production as a feed component infattening pigs. Fett/Lipid. 98: 240-245.
Kijora, C., H. Bergner, R. D. Kupsch, and L. Hageman. 1995. Glycerol as feed component in diets of fattening pigs. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 47: 345-360.
Lammers, P. J., M. Honeyman, B. Kerr, and T. E. Weber. 2007. Growth and performance of nursery pigs fed crude glycerol. Iowa State University Animal Industry Report 2007.
Lammers, P. J., M. Honeyman, K. Bregendahl, B. J. Kerr, T. E. Weber, W. Dozier, and M. Kidd. 2007. Energy value of crude glycerol fed to pigs. Iowa State University Animal Industry Report 2007.
Lammers, P. J., B. J. Kerr, T. E. Weber, W. A. Dozier III, M. T. Kidd, K. Bregendahl, and M. S. Honeyman. 2008. Digestible and metabolizable energy of crude glycerol for growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 86: 602-608.
Lin, E. C. C. 1977. Glycerol utilization and its regulation in mammals. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 46: 765-795.
Mourot, J., A. Aumaitre, A. Mounier, P. Peiniau, and A. C. Fracois. 1994. Nutritional and physiological effects of dietary glycerol in the growing pig. Consequences on fatty tissues and post mortem muscular parameters. Livest. Prod. Sci. 38: 237–244.
Schieck, S., L. Johnston, B. Kerr, S. Baidoo, and J. Shurson. 2010. Use of crude glycerol, a biodiesel co-product, in diets for lactating sows. Final report to Minnesota Pork Board 2009.
Sharma Y. C., B. Singh, and S. N. Upadhyay. 2008. Advancements in development and characterization of biodiesel: A review. Fuel.87: 2355–2373.
Sterk, A., P. Schlegel, A. J. Mul, M. UbbinkBlanksma, and E. M. A. M. Bruininx. 2009. Effect of sweeteners on individual feed intake characteristics and performance in group-housed weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 86: 2990-2997.
Zijlstra, R. T., K. Menjivar, E. Lawrence, and E. Beltranena. 2009. The effect of feeding crude glycerol on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in weaned pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 89: 85-89.
