Genetic variation of wild population Stone lapping minnow (Garra cambodgiensis) in the Wa River (tributary of upper Nan River watershed), Nan province
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Abstract
The management for preserving the local fish biodiversity should be concerned for their genetic diversity. Therefore, the objective of this study has been set up for evaluation of the genetic variation of Garra cambodgiensis in the Wa River (a tributary of the upper Nan River watershed), Bokluea district, Nan province, Thailand. We had examined fin clip of G. cambodgiensis collected from five locations in Wa River, comprising of 2 locations from Wa River (WSW and WPS) and 3 locations from Mang River where is a tributary of Wa River (MPK, MNK and MHK) by collecting 48 samples of each group. Using polymorphic microsatellite 5 loci. Genetic diversity of G. cambodgiensis which means each allele per locus (A) ranging from 5.80 (WSW)-8.40 (MHK), effective number of allele (Ae) 3.60 (WSW)-4.65(MNK), allelic richness (Ar) 5.69 (WSW)-8.16 (MHK), the observed heterozygosity (Ho) 0.622 (WSW)-0.720 (WPS) and the expected heterozygosity (He) 0.694 (WSW)-0.773 (MPK). The observed genotypes were not significantly departed from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all samples. We conclusively predicted that there are numerous of G. cambodgiensis and they were spawned during the rainy season. Therefore, the juvenile were widely distributed causing high genetic diversity of G. cambodgiensis. In addition, the low genetic diversity of the WSW has been affected by the distance and altitude as well. The genetic differentiation such as Global FST estimated by the AMOVA and FST were not significantly different. Whereas, the UPGMA also showed that some samples were separated. In conclusion, the G. cambodgiensis in the Wa River was in a high genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among these samples were not be able to detect.
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